I-RPLX
Xcmedico
1 ama-PC (Ukulethwa kwamahora angama-72)
Titanium alloy
CE / ISO: 9001 / Iso13885.etc
Ukulethwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso izinsuku eziyi-15 (ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuthumela)
I-FedEx. Dhl.tnt.ems.etc
Ukutholakala: | |
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Inani: | |
Umphumela | Isithombe esithize esakha amanzi | Kulufa | Ref. | I-spec. |
Ipuleti elenziwe l | ![]() |
HA 4.5 HB 6.5 |
I-RPLX4HL | 4h l |
I-RPLX5HL | 5h l | |||
I-RPLX6HL | 6h l | |||
I-RPLX7HL | 7h l | |||
I-RPLX8HL | 8h l | |||
I-RPLX4HR | 4h r | |||
Rplx5hr | 5h r | |||
I-RPLX6HR | 6h r | |||
Rplx7hr | 7h r | |||
I-RPLXHR | 8h r |
Ukucutshungulwa kokuqala kwe-CNC Ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amanani ekhompyutha busetshenziselwa ukucubungula imikhiqizo ye-orthopedic ngokuqondile. Le nqubo inezimpawu zokunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nokuphindaphindwa. Ingakhiqiza ngokushesha amadivaysi ezokwelapha ahlelwe ngokwezifiso avumelana nesakhiwo somuntu anatomical futhi anikeze iziguli ngezinhlelo ezenzelwe ukwelashwa. |
Ukupholishelwa Umkhiqizo Inhloso yemikhiqizo yama-Orthopedic Product ukuthuthukisa oxhumana naye phakathi kwezicubu ezifakayo nezabantu, ukunciphisa ukugxilisa ukucindezela, futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kwengcindezi, futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kokufakelwa. |
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi Ukuhlolwa kwezindawo zemishini yemikhiqizo yamathambo ye-Orthopedic kwenzelwe ukulingisa izimo zengcindezi zamathambo abantu, hlola umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo nokuqina kwezifayithi emzimbeni womuntu, futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha kwabo nokwethembeka kwabo. |
Iphakheji Yomkhiqizo Imikhiqizo yama-Orthopedic ihlanganiswe egumbini elinyumba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlanganiswe endaweni ehlanzekile, oyinyumba ukuvikela ukungcoliswa kwe-microbial futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha okuhlinzayo. |
Ukugcinwa kwemikhiqizo yamathambo ama-orthopedic kudinga ukuphathwa okuqinile nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa komkhiqizo nokuvimbela ukuphelelwa yisikhathi noma ukuthunyelwa okungalungile. |
Igumbi lesampula lisetshenziselwa ukugcina, ukubonisa nokuphatha amasampula e-orthpedic ahlukahlukene wokushintshaniswa kobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo nokuqeqeshwa. |
1. Buza ithimba le-XC Medico lekhathalogi yomkhiqizo we-L-Shape Plate.
2. Khetha umkhiqizo wakho onesifiso sepuleti.
3. Cela isampula ukuze ahlole ipuleti enziwe nge-L.
4.Faka i-oda lepuleti le-XC Medico's l-shaped.
5.Become umthengisi wepuleti le-XC Medifo's L-Emish.
Intengo yokuthenga ye-1.better yeplate enziwe nge-L.
I-2.100% ipuleti eliphakeme kakhulu lekhwalithi ye-L.
3. Imizamo yoku-oda engaphansi.
4. Ukuqina kwamanani ngesikhathi sesivumelwano.
I-5. Ipuleti elanele le-L-enziwe.
I-6. Ukuhlola okusheshayo nokulula kwepuleti ekhethwe yi-XC Medico's l
7. Uhlobo lomkhiqizo owaziwa emhlabeni jikelele - i-XC Medico.
8. Isikhathi esisheshayo sokufinyelela eqenjini le-XC Medico Sales.
9. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okwengeziwe yiqembu le-XC Medico.
10. Landelela i-oda lakho le-XC Medico kusuka ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.
Ekunakekelweni kwe-Orthopedic Trauma, izimila ezifana neplateli enziwe nge-L zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekubuyiselweni kwemisebenzi nokuzinza kwamathambo aphukile. Yaziwa ngohlelo lokusebenza lwayo oluguquguqukayo kanye nokuhambisana kwe-anatomical, ipuleti elimiswe yi-L seliyithuluzi elibalulekile ekwelashweni kokuqhekeka okuyinkimbinkimbi. Le ndatshana inikezela ngomhlahlandlela onemininingwane epuletini ebekiwe, ihlola izici zayo, izinzuzo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona, ngokuqonda okwenzelwe ochwepheshe bezokwelapha kanye nabafundi abafuna ukuqonda okujulile kwezixazululo zesimanje zama-orthopedic.
Ipuleti elimiswe yi-L lingukufakelwa okukhethekile kwamathambo aklanyelwe ukwelapha ama-fracture avela ezindaweni ezidinga ukwesekwa kwe-angular, njenge-huterus ye-suturer, kanye ne-distal radius. Isimo sayo esiyingqayizivele '
Ipuleti lisebenza ebhulohweni eliqhekekile amathambo, ukugcina ukuqondanisa nokuqina ngenkathi ithambo liphulukisa. Imvamisa esetshenziswa ezimweni lapho amapuleti aqondile endabuko anganele, ukwakheka okumisiwe kwe-L kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana nezimo ezingcono zezakhiwo ze-anatomical kanye namaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi wokuphuka.
Idizayini ekhethwe njenge-L yangaphambi kokwakhiwa ukuze ivumelane nezifunda ezithile zamathambo, kunciphisa isidingo sokubumba okubanzi kwe-intraperal
Ipuleti liyahambisana nezinkulumo zombili zokukhiya nezingakhi
Kufakwe amasu abekwe ama-screw holes anika amandla odokotela abahlinzayo ukufezekisa ukubekwa kahle kwesikulufa, ikakhulukazi ekucushweni kwe-fracture okuyinselele.
Ukwakheka kwe-Plate's Slim kunciphisa ubungozi bokucasulwa kwezicubu ezithambile kanye nezinkinga zokuphatha kabi.
Yakhelwe kusuka ezintweni ezihambelana ne-biocompeates efana ne-titanium noma insimbi engenacala, ipuleti linikeza amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokwethembeka kwesikhathi eside.
Ipuleti liyatholakala ngosayizi ahlukahlukene, livumela ukusetshenziswa kwalo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene zokuqhekeka nezifunda ze-anatomical.
Idizayini ivumela ukulungiswa okuphephile ezifundeni ze-angular zethambo, inciphisa i-microcotion endaweni yokuphuka futhi ithuthukise ukuphulukiswa ngokushesha.
Idizayini yayo evumelana nezimo ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi ze-anatomical, kufaka phakathi i-distal radius, i-femur distal femur, kanye ne-aumerus ye-procital.
Iplate esonteka yangaphambi kwesikhathi idinga ukulungiswa okuncane ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ukuhambisa inqubo yokusebenza kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia.
Ukwakhiwa kwephrofayili ephansi kunciphisa ubungozi bokungakhululeki, okwenza kubekele ikakhulukazi ukubekwa okungekho emthethweni ezifundeni ezifana nesandla noma ingalo.
Ukulungiswa okuphephile kwenza iziguli ukuthi ziqale ukuvuselelwa kungekudala, zinciphisa ubungozi bokuqina noma i-atrophy yemisipha.
I-L-shape yayo ilungele kahle i-anatomy eyinkimbinkimbi yesihlakala, enikeza ukulungiswa okuzinzile kokuqhekeka okulula nokubekiwe.
Esifundeni sehlombe, ipuleti linikezela ngozi lwe-angular, okwenza kube kuhle ukuqhekeka okubandakanya ikhanda noma intamo.
Okokuphazamiseka kwe-distal femur, ipuleti elimiswe yi-L linikeza ukusekelwa okuhlelekile okudingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuqondanisa nokubekezelela amandla athwala isisindo.
Ipuleti libuye lisetshenziswe ekuqhekekeni okuthile kwe-pelvic lapho ukwesekwa kwe-angular kubalulekile ekuqiniseni ithambo.
Ezigulini ezikhulile ezinamathambo abuthakathaka, indlela yokukhiya ipuleti iqinisekisa ukulungiswa okuqinile, ngisho nasezinhlakani zamathambo ezihlehlisiwe.
Ukutheleleka kwe-postoperationational kungenzeka uma amasu afanele ase-asuptic awagciniwe noma uma isiguli sinezinkinga zezempilo ezingaphansi.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, ipuleti noma izikulufa zingakhulula noma ziphule, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngokweqile noma ezimweni ezingezona ezenyunyana.
Ukubekwa okungafanele noma ukucaciswa kwezicubu ezinganele ezinganele kungaholela ekungabizekiseni noma ezinkingeni.
Okunye ukuqhekeka kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuphulukisa noma ukwehluleka ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele, kudinga ukungenelela okwengeziwe.
Inqubo yokuhlinza enakekela izingane noma izinselelo ezinzima ze-anatomical ingahle ziholele ekulimaleni kwe-nersar noma kwe-vascular.
Kuyaqabukela, iziguli zingathola i-hypersensitivity ezintweni ezifakayo, njenge-nickel ngamapuleti ensimbi engagqwali.
Ngenani elikhulayo labantu asebekhulile bathambekele ekuqhekekeni, isidingo samadivaysi athuthukile asongelwe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuphrinta kwe-3D kanye nezinto zokwakha ama-biorsesbable kulindeleke ukuthi ziguqule ukwakheka okufakiwe, okwenza zikwazi izixazululo eziqondene neziguli.
Njengoba odokotela abangu-Surgeon bamukele ngokwengeziwe izinqubo ezihlaselayo kancane, isidingo samaphrofayili aphansi, amapuleti angenamikhawulo afana nepuleti elimiswe yi-L kulindeleke ukuthi likhule.
Ingqalasizinda yezempilo ethuthukisiwe emazweni asathuthuka ukwandisa ukufinyelela kwezixazululo zesimanje zama-orthopedic.
Kunokugcizelelwa okukhulayo ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezinobungane nezinto ezihambelana ne-biofemple ukunciphisa izinkinga zesikhathi eside nomthelela wezemvelo.
Ipuleti elimiswe yi-L liyithuluzi elibalulekile ekuhlinzekeni kwamathambo wanamuhla, linikeza ukuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kanye nenduduzo yesiguli ekwelapheni ukuphazamiseka okuyinkimbinkimbi. Idizayini yayo entsha kanye nezici ezithuthukile kuqinisekisa imiphumela ephakemeyo zonke izindawo ezahlukahlukene ze-anatomical nezinhlobo ze-fracture. Ngenkathi ubungozi obuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwalo buncane futhi kuyalawuleka, izinzuzo zokululama okusheshayo, izinkinga ezincishisiwe, kanye nokweneliseka kweziguli kugcizelela inani layo ekuphathweni kwe-Fracture.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-Orthopedic buyaqhubeka nokuvela, ipuleti elimiswe yi-L lilungele ukuhlala phambili kokulungiswa kwe-Fracture, ukuqinisekisa imiphumela ethuthukisiwe yeziguli kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezisombululo ezithembekile neziguquguqukayo zokuhlubuka okuyinselele.
Isikhumbuzi esifudumele: Le ndatshana yenzelwe kuphela futhi ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni izeluleko zochwepheshe kadokotela. Uma unemibuzo, sicela uthintane nokuya kwakho udokotela.
Umphumela | Isithombe esithize esakha amanzi | Kulufa | Ref. | I-spec. |
Ipuleti elenziwe l | ![]() |
HA 4.5 HB 6.5 |
I-RPLX4HL | 4h l |
I-RPLX5HL | 5h l | |||
I-RPLX6HL | 6h l | |||
I-RPLX7HL | 7h l | |||
I-RPLX8HL | 8h l | |||
I-RPLX4HR | 4h r | |||
Rplx5hr | 5h r | |||
I-RPLX6HR | 6h r | |||
Rplx7hr | 7h r | |||
I-RPLXHR | 8h r |
Ukucutshungulwa kokuqala kwe-CNC Ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amanani ekhompyutha busetshenziselwa ukucubungula imikhiqizo ye-orthopedic ngokuqondile. Le nqubo inezimpawu zokunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nokuphindaphindwa. Ingakhiqiza ngokushesha amadivaysi ezokwelapha ahlelwe ngokwezifiso avumelana nesakhiwo somuntu anatomical futhi anikeze iziguli ngezinhlelo ezenzelwe ukwelashwa. |
Ukupholishelwa Umkhiqizo Inhloso yemikhiqizo yama-Orthopedic Product ukuthuthukisa oxhumana naye phakathi kwezicubu ezifakayo nezabantu, ukunciphisa ukugxilisa ukucindezela, futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kwengcindezi, futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kokufakelwa. |
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi Ukuhlolwa kwezindawo zemishini yemikhiqizo yamathambo ye-Orthopedic kwenzelwe ukulingisa izimo zengcindezi zamathambo abantu, hlola umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo nokuqina kwezifayithi emzimbeni womuntu, futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha kwabo nokwethembeka kwabo. |
Iphakheji Yomkhiqizo Imikhiqizo yama-Orthopedic ihlanganiswe egumbini elinyumba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlanganiswe endaweni ehlanzekile, oyinyumba ukuvikela ukungcoliswa kwe-microbial futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha okuhlinzayo. |
Ukugcinwa kwemikhiqizo yamathambo ama-orthopedic kudinga ukuphathwa okuqinile nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa komkhiqizo nokuvimbela ukuphelelwa yisikhathi noma ukuthunyelwa okungalungile. |
Igumbi lesampula lisetshenziselwa ukugcina, ukubonisa nokuphatha amasampula e-orthpedic ahlukahlukene wokushintshaniswa kobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo nokuqeqeshwa. |
1. Buza ithimba le-XC Medico lekhathalogi yomkhiqizo we-L-Shape Plate.
2. Khetha umkhiqizo wakho onesifiso sepuleti.
3. Cela isampula ukuze ahlole ipuleti enziwe nge-L.
4.Faka i-oda lepuleti le-XC Medico's l-shaped.
5.Become umthengisi wepuleti le-XC Medifo's L-Emish.
Intengo yokuthenga ye-1.better yeplate enziwe nge-L.
I-2.100% ipuleti eliphakeme kakhulu lekhwalithi ye-L.
3. Imizamo yoku-oda engaphansi.
4. Ukuqina kwamanani ngesikhathi sesivumelwano.
I-5. Ipuleti elanele le-L-enziwe.
I-6. Ukuhlola okusheshayo nokulula kwepuleti ekhethwe yi-XC Medico's l
7. Uhlobo lomkhiqizo owaziwa emhlabeni jikelele - i-XC Medico.
8. Isikhathi esisheshayo sokufinyelela eqenjini le-XC Medico Sales.
9. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okwengeziwe yiqembu le-XC Medico.
10. Landelela i-oda lakho le-XC Medico kusuka ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.
Ekunakekelweni kwe-Orthopedic Trauma, izimila ezifana neplateli enziwe nge-L zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekubuyiselweni kwemisebenzi nokuzinza kwamathambo aphukile. Yaziwa ngohlelo lokusebenza lwayo oluguquguqukayo kanye nokuhambisana kwe-anatomical, ipuleti elimiswe yi-L seliyithuluzi elibalulekile ekwelashweni kokuqhekeka okuyinkimbinkimbi. Le ndatshana inikezela ngomhlahlandlela onemininingwane epuletini ebekiwe, ihlola izici zayo, izinzuzo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona, ngokuqonda okwenzelwe ochwepheshe bezokwelapha kanye nabafundi abafuna ukuqonda okujulile kwezixazululo zesimanje zama-orthopedic.
Ipuleti elimiswe yi-L lingukufakelwa okukhethekile kwamathambo aklanyelwe ukwelapha ama-fracture avela ezindaweni ezidinga ukwesekwa kwe-angular, njenge-huterus ye-suturer, kanye ne-distal radius. Isimo sayo esiyingqayizivele '
Ipuleti lisebenza ebhulohweni eliqhekekile amathambo, ukugcina ukuqondanisa nokuqina ngenkathi ithambo liphulukisa. Imvamisa esetshenziswa ezimweni lapho amapuleti aqondile endabuko anganele, ukwakheka okumisiwe kwe-L kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana nezimo ezingcono zezakhiwo ze-anatomical kanye namaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi wokuphuka.
Idizayini ekhethwe njenge-L yangaphambi kokwakhiwa ukuze ivumelane nezifunda ezithile zamathambo, kunciphisa isidingo sokubumba okubanzi kwe-intraperal
Ipuleti liyahambisana nezinkulumo zombili zokukhiya nezingakhi
Kufakwe amasu abekwe ama-screw holes anika amandla odokotela abahlinzayo ukufezekisa ukubekwa kahle kwesikulufa, ikakhulukazi ekucushweni kwe-fracture okuyinselele.
Ukwakheka kwe-Plate's Slim kunciphisa ubungozi bokucasulwa kwezicubu ezithambile kanye nezinkinga zokuphatha kabi.
Yakhelwe kusuka ezintweni ezihambelana ne-biocompeates efana ne-titanium noma insimbi engenacala, ipuleti linikeza amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokwethembeka kwesikhathi eside.
Ipuleti liyatholakala ngosayizi ahlukahlukene, livumela ukusetshenziswa kwalo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene zokuqhekeka nezifunda ze-anatomical.
Idizayini ivumela ukulungiswa okuphephile ezifundeni ze-angular zethambo, inciphisa i-microcotion endaweni yokuphuka futhi ithuthukise ukuphulukiswa ngokushesha.
Idizayini yayo evumelana nezimo ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi ze-anatomical, kufaka phakathi i-distal radius, i-femur distal femur, kanye ne-aumerus ye-procital.
Iplate esonteka yangaphambi kwesikhathi idinga ukulungiswa okuncane ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ukuhambisa inqubo yokusebenza kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia.
Ukwakhiwa kwephrofayili ephansi kunciphisa ubungozi bokungakhululeki, okwenza kubekele ikakhulukazi ukubekwa okungekho emthethweni ezifundeni ezifana nesandla noma ingalo.
Ukulungiswa okuphephile kwenza iziguli ukuthi ziqale ukuvuselelwa kungekudala, zinciphisa ubungozi bokuqina noma i-atrophy yemisipha.
I-L-shape yayo ilungele kahle i-anatomy eyinkimbinkimbi yesihlakala, enikeza ukulungiswa okuzinzile kokuqhekeka okulula nokubekiwe.
Esifundeni sehlombe, ipuleti linikezela ngozi lwe-angular, okwenza kube kuhle ukuqhekeka okubandakanya ikhanda noma intamo.
Okokuphazamiseka kwe-distal femur, ipuleti elimiswe yi-L linikeza ukusekelwa okuhlelekile okudingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuqondanisa nokubekezelela amandla athwala isisindo.
Ipuleti libuye lisetshenziswe ekuqhekekeni okuthile kwe-pelvic lapho ukwesekwa kwe-angular kubalulekile ekuqiniseni ithambo.
Ezigulini ezikhulile ezinamathambo abuthakathaka, indlela yokukhiya ipuleti iqinisekisa ukulungiswa okuqinile, ngisho nasezinhlakani zamathambo ezihlehlisiwe.
Ukutheleleka kwe-postoperationational kungenzeka uma amasu afanele ase-asuptic awagciniwe noma uma isiguli sinezinkinga zezempilo ezingaphansi.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, ipuleti noma izikulufa zingakhulula noma ziphule, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngokweqile noma ezimweni ezingezona ezenyunyana.
Ukubekwa okungafanele noma ukucaciswa kwezicubu ezinganele ezinganele kungaholela ekungabizekiseni noma ezinkingeni.
Okunye ukuqhekeka kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuphulukisa noma ukwehluleka ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele, kudinga ukungenelela okwengeziwe.
Inqubo yokuhlinza enakekela izingane noma izinselelo ezinzima ze-anatomical ingahle ziholele ekulimaleni kwe-nersar noma kwe-vascular.
Kuyaqabukela, iziguli zingathola i-hypersensitivity ezintweni ezifakayo, njenge-nickel ngamapuleti ensimbi engagqwali.
Ngenani elikhulayo labantu asebekhulile bathambekele ekuqhekekeni, isidingo samadivaysi athuthukile asongelwe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuphrinta kwe-3D kanye nezinto zokwakha ama-biorsesbable kulindeleke ukuthi ziguqule ukwakheka okufakiwe, okwenza zikwazi izixazululo eziqondene neziguli.
Njengoba odokotela abangu-Surgeon bamukele ngokwengeziwe izinqubo ezihlaselayo kancane, isidingo samaphrofayili aphansi, amapuleti angenamikhawulo afana nepuleti elimiswe yi-L kulindeleke ukuthi likhule.
Ingqalasizinda yezempilo ethuthukisiwe emazweni asathuthuka ukwandisa ukufinyelela kwezixazululo zesimanje zama-orthopedic.
Kunokugcizelelwa okukhulayo ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezinobungane nezinto ezihambelana ne-biofemple ukunciphisa izinkinga zesikhathi eside nomthelela wezemvelo.
Ipuleti elimiswe yi-L liyithuluzi elibalulekile ekuhlinzekeni kwamathambo wanamuhla, linikeza ukuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kanye nenduduzo yesiguli ekwelapheni ukuphazamiseka okuyinkimbinkimbi. Idizayini yayo entsha kanye nezici ezithuthukile kuqinisekisa imiphumela ephakemeyo zonke izindawo ezahlukahlukene ze-anatomical nezinhlobo ze-fracture. Ngenkathi ubungozi obuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwalo buncane futhi kuyalawuleka, izinzuzo zokululama okusheshayo, izinkinga ezincishisiwe, kanye nokweneliseka kweziguli kugcizelela inani layo ekuphathweni kwe-Fracture.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-Orthopedic buyaqhubeka nokuvela, ipuleti elimiswe yi-L lilungele ukuhlala phambili kokulungiswa kwe-Fracture, ukuqinisekisa imiphumela ethuthukisiwe yeziguli kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezisombululo ezithembekile neziguquguqukayo zokuhlubuka okuyinselele.
Isikhumbuzi esifudumele: Le ndatshana yenzelwe kuphela futhi ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni izeluleko zochwepheshe kadokotela. Uma unemibuzo, sicela uthintane nokuya kwakho udokotela.
Thintana