Klo kple akɔta ƒe ƒunukpeƒewo ƒe ɖoɖoa fia be ŋutilã ƒe wɔwɔme, dɔwɔwɔ, biomechanics, kple atikewɔwɔ me nugbɔwo (abe implants kple amekoko ƒe ɖoɖowo ene) siwo ku ɖe kpekpeme-bearing joints gã eve siawo ŋu.Nuɖoanyi siawo nye nu vevi siwo ŋu womate ŋu awɔ naneke le o kple woƒe liƒo, alo esiwo me wowɔa dɔ le abe ƒuƒoƒo ene.