Ngaba iSpina Bifida sisifo samathambo?

Ewe, i-spina bifida yinto ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kunye nomqolo . Le leyibhile isetyenziswa kuzo zombini iisetingi zonyango nezesikolo. I-spina bifida ichaphazela umqolo, izihlunu, kunye nendlela abantu abahamba ngayo. Oku kubalulekile ukuba usebenza kukhathalelo lwempilo, ezikolweni, okanye ekusasazeni. Indlela i-spina bifida ebhalwe ngayo inokutshintsha ukuba ngubani ofumana uncedo kunye nenkxaso.

• Ileyibhile ye-spina bifida njenge-orthopedic & ne-spine impairment inoku:

• Guqula inkathalo oyinika umntu.

• Ichaphazela ukuba umntu unokufumana uncedo lwezonyango okanye lwesikolo.

• Yenza umahluko kuphando kunye nendlela iinkonzo ezinikezelwa ngayo.

EUnited States, malunga nosana olu-1 kwangama-2 875 luzalwa lune<em>spina bifida. Unokubona iimeko ezininzi kwiintsapho zase-Hispanic. Ukwazi ukuba i-spina bifida ingena njani kwi-orthopedic & nokhathalelo lomqolo kukunceda uxhase abantu abayidinga kakhulu.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• I-spina bifida yingxaki yamathambo. Ichaphazela indlela abantu abahamba ngayo. Abantu abanalo bafuna inkathalo ekhethekileyo.

• Ukubiza i-spina bifida ngegama kunceda abantu bafumane uncedo. Banokufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso yesikolo.

• Ukutyelela ugqirha rhoqo kunye nonyango lunokunceda abantu bahambe ngcono. Ezi zinto zinokubanceda bazimele ngakumbi.

• Izikolo zinika uncedo olukhethekileyo njengee-IEPs kunye ne-504 Plans. Ezi zicwangciso zinceda abafundi abane-spina bifida baqhube kakuhle esikolweni.

• Itekhnoloji entsha kukhathalelo lomqolo inika ukhetho olungcono lonyango. Oku kunceda abantu abane-spina bifida bafumane ukhathalelo olungcono.

Isishwankathelo se-Orthopedic & Spine Impairment

Yintoni Ukukhubazeka Kwamathambo?

Unokuva 'i-orthopedic & spine' ezibhedlele nasezikolweni. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kuthetha ukuba kukho ingxaki enkulu yamathambo, izihlunu, okanye imithambo-luvo. Le ngxaki yenza kube nzima ukuhamba okanye ukufunda. Oogqirha kunye nootitshala basebenzisa le leyibhile ukukunika uncedo olufanelekileyo. I-Spina bifida iyahambelana nale ntsingiselo kuba umnqonqo kunye nentambo yomqolo ayenzeki kanye phambi kokuzalwa. Oku kubangela ingxaki ngokuhamba kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukufunda.

Nantsi itheyibhile ebonisa indlela iingcali ezichaza ngayo ukonakala kwamathambo:

Uyabona ukuba i-spina bifida ikuzo zombini iintsingiselo zonyango kunye nesikolo. Oku kuthetha ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninokufumana uncedo ukuba i-spina bifida yenza ubomi bube nzima.

Iimeko zoMnqonqo kunye neMpembelelo yazo

Iingxaki ezininzi zomqolo zinokutshintsha indlela ohamba ngayo kwaye uphile ngayo. I-spina bifida yenye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo zomqolo ukususela ekuzalweni. Kwenzeka xa umnqonqo kunye nentambo yomgogodla ingavali yonke indlela ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Oku kunokubangela imisipha ebuthathaka, ingakwazi ukushukuma, okanye ukuziva izinto. Unokuba nengxaki yokuhamba okanye ukuma. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-spina bifida ibangela i-scoliosis okanye iingxaki ezidibeneyo, ezenza ukuhamba kube nzima nakakhulu.

Ezinye iingxaki zomqolo, njenge-idiopathic scoliosis, nazo zichaphazela abantwana. Idiopathic scoliosis yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo yomqolo ebantwaneni. Kwenzeka malunga ne-0.5% yabantwana kwaye ibonakala ngakumbi kumantombazana.

Ukuba une-spina bifida, unokuqaphela ezi zinto:

• Izihlunu ezibuthathaka okanye ukungakwazi ukuhamba kwenza ukuhamba okanye ukuma nzima.

• Ukungaziboni izinto kunokwenza ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuhamba kube nzima.

• I-Scoliosis kunye neengxaki ezidibeneyo zingenza kube nzima ukuhamba.

• Iingxaki zesinyi kunye nezibilini zinokukuyekisa ukujoyina imisebenzi.

Unyango kunye nezixhobo zinokukunceda kwi-spina bifida. Unyango lomzimba lunceda ukwenza izihlunu zakho zomelele. Unyango lomsebenzi lukufundisa indlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Izinto ezifana nezitulo ezinamavili zikunceda uhambe. Ukhathalelo lwesinyi kunye namathumbu lukuvumela ukuba ujoyine kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

Ukhathalelo lwamathambo kunye nomqolo lukunika uncedo oludingayo. I-spina bifida ngumzekelo omhle wokukhubazeka kwamathambo okufuna ukunakekelwa okukhethekileyo.

Ulwahlulo lwe-Spina Bifida

Umbono wezoNyango kwi-Spina Bifida

Oogqirha kunye neengcali zineendlela zokwenza iqela le-spina bifida. I-spina bifida sesona siphene sixhaphakileyo se-neural tube. Kwenzeka xa ityhubhu ye-neural ingavali phambi kokuzalwa. Le ngxaki ichaphazela umqolo kwaye ibangela ukukhubazeka komzimba okuninzi. Oogqirha babiza i-spina bifida zombini i-orthopedic impairment kunye ne-neuromotor disorder. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuchaphazela amathambo akho, izihlunu, kunye nemithambo-luvo.

Oogqirha basebenzisa le migaqo kwiqela le-spina bifida:

• Ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwamathambo kutshintsha indlela ohamba ngayo okanye owenza ngayo.

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Neuromotor kuvela kwiingxaki zengqondo, intambo yomgogodla, okanye imithambo-luvo.

• I-Spina bifida yimeko yokuzalwa, ngoko ibakho ekuzalweni.

• I-spina bifida ingaba mnene (i-spina bifida occulta) okanye inzulu (i-spina bifida cystica).

Unokubona i-spina bifida edweliswe njengesizathu sokukhubazeka kwamathambo ezincwadini. Imeko ihlala ikhokelela kwizihlunu ezibuthathaka, ukukhubazeka, okanye ingxaki yokuhamba. Iingxaki ezininzi ezinxulunyaniswa ne-spina bifida ziquka ukukhubazeka komgogodla, iingxaki ze-hip, kunye neekhontrakthi ezidibeneyo. Le miba inokwenza ubomi bemihla ngemihla bube nzima.

Nazi ezinye iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zamathambo onokuthi ube nazo nge-spina bifida:

• Ukukhubazeka komgogodla njenge-scoliosis kunye ne-kyphosis zixhaphake kakhulu ukuba unezilonda ezinzima ze-neurologic.

• Ukukhubazeka kwemilenze engaphantsi, njengokuxutywa kwe-hip okanye ukuchithwa, kwenzeka rhoqo ngenxa yokungalingani kwemisipha.

• I-Contractures ye-hip okanye idolo kunye nokukhubazeka okujikelezayo kunokutshintsha indlela yokuhamba okanye ukuhamba ngayo.

Oogqirha bajonga nezinye iingxaki eziza ne-spina bifida. Unokuba ne-hydrocephalus, incontinence yesinyi, okanye umngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo lwe-urinary tract. Ukhathalelo lwe-Orthopedic kwi-spina bifida lufuna iqela. Unokusebenza neeneurosurgeons, ii-urologists, kunye neengcali zokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Injongo ephambili kukukunceda uhambe ngcono kwaye uphucule ubomi bakho, hayi nje ukulungisa indlela umqolo wakho ujongeka ngayo kwi-X-ray.

Iingcali zonyango zisebenzisa ezi nkcazo ukuchaza i-spina bifida kunye nemiphumo yayo yamathambo:

Kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ukujonga utshintsho kwintshukumo, imvakalelo, ukumila komqolo, kunye nempilo yolusu. Utyando lusenokufuneka ukulungisa iziphene ezimbi okanye ukukunceda uhambe ngcono.

UHlelo lweMfundo kunye nokufaneleka

Ezikolweni, i-spina bifida ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-orthopedic impairment. Oku kukunceda ufumane inkxaso oyifunayo ukuze ufunde kwaye ukhule. Izikolo zisebenzisa amanyathelo acacileyo ukubona ukuba ungalufumana na uncedo olukhethekileyo:

• Kufuneka ugqirha athi une spina bifida.

• Isikolo siya kujonga into onokuyenza kunye nento oyifunayo.

• Ukukhubazeka kufuneka kwenze kube nzima kuwe ukwenza kakuhle esikolweni.

I-spina bifida sisifo samathambo esizalwa naso. Inokuchaphazela indlela ohamba ngayo, osebenzisa ngayo izandla zakho, okanye wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Izikolo zikhangela iingxaki zokuhamba, ukusetyenziswa kwezandla, ukulungelelanisa, okanye izakhono zokuphila imihla ngemihla. Ukuba i-spina bifida yenza ezi zinto zibe nzima, unokufumana uncedo olongezelelweyo.

Ukuze ufaneleke, kufuneka:

• Ubungqina bokuba ukukhubazeka kwakho kwamathambo kuyawuchaphazela umsebenzi wakho wesikolo.

• Ingxelo kagqirha kunyaka ophelileyo.

Izikolo zikarhulumente kufuneka zifumane kwaye zincede abafundi abakhubazekileyo. Ukuba une-spina bifida, unokufumana iNkqubo yeMfundo yoMntu (IEP) okanye iSicwangciso se-504. I-IEP sisicwangciso esenziwe ngabazali bakho nootitshala. Idwelisa uncedo oludingayo, njengonyango okanye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Isicwangciso se-504 sikunika utshintsho kwigumbi lakho lokufundela, njengexesha elingakumbi okanye idesika ekhethekileyo.

Nantsi itheyibhile ebonisa indlela izikolo ezidibanisa ngayo i-spina bifida:

Unokufumana ezi nkxaso esikolweni:

• Ixesha elongezelelweyo lokuya eklasini okanye ukugqiba umsebenzi.

• Isitulo esikufuphi nomnyango ukuba usebenzisa isitulo esinamavili okanye isihamba-hamba.

• Ezothutho ekulula ukuzisebenzisa.

• Uncedo lokuhamba phakathi kweeklasi okanye ngexesha lokuqhuba umlilo.

• Ixesha elingakumbi leemvavanyo.

• Iikhefu rhoqo.

• Nceda ngokuthatha amanqaku.

• Iidesika okanye iitafile ezinokulungiswa.

• Itekhnoloji njengesoftware yokuqondwa kwelizwi.

I-spina bifida yimeko efuna inkxaso yezonyango kunye nesikolo. Unokufumana uncedo ngokukhubazeka kwakho ngokomzimba kunye neemfuno zakho zokufunda. Le nkxaso ikunceda ukuba ufikelele usukelo lwakho kwaye ujoyine ubomi besikolo.

Iimpembelelo zokukhubazeka kwamathambo

Ukufikelela kwiiNkonzo kunye neNkxaso

Ukuba une-spina bifida, ukubizwa ngokuba sisithintelo samathambo kukunceda ufumane uncedo olungakumbi. Le leyibhile ikuvumela ukuba ufumane inkxaso yezonyango neyesikolo. I-spina bifida yingxaki yomqolo oqala phambi kokuba uzalwe. Sesona sizathu siphambili abanye abantwana banokukhubazeka kwamathambo. Ukukhubazeka okufunyenweyo kwi-orthopedic kwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye ukwenzakala ekuzalweni, kodwa i-spina bifida ikhona kwasekuqaleni.

Usenokufuna uncedo lokufunda, ukubhala, okanye ukushukuma. Izikolo neekliniki zinika inkxaso ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Nantsi itheyibhile ebonisa ezinye iinkonzo onokuzifumana:

Usenokufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokukunceda uhambe. Ukusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili okanye i-walker kwangethuba kunokukunceda uhambe. Abantwana abaninzi abane-spina bifida basebenzisa iintonga, iintsimbi zokuzinceda, okanye izitulo ezinamavili. ICandelo 504 loMthetho wokuBuyiselwa kwiSimo sangaphambili liqinisekisa ukuba ungazifumana ezi zixhobo kunye neenkonzo esikolweni.

UkuJonga nokuLawulwa kwamathambo

Abantu abane-spina bifida kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo amathambo kunye nezihlunu zabo. Oogqirha bajonga umqolo wakho, amahips , kunye nemilenze yokuyeka okanye ukulungisa iingxaki. Ukuhamba kwangethuba, nokuba kuncinci, kukunceda ukuba uzimele. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokufuna utyando ukulungisa indlela ohamba ngayo.

Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ukubona indlela ohamba ngayo. Oku kubanceda bazi ukuba ufuna utyando okanye olunye ukhathalelo. I-Scoliosis kunye ne-kyphosis ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo zomqolo kwi-spina bifida. Iingxaki ze-Hip kunye neenyawo nazo kufuneka zihlolwe. Unyango lunokuba ziibrashi, utyando, okanye unyango lomzimba.

Ukufumana uncedo kwangethuba kukhokelela kwimpilo engcono njengoko ukhula. Ukulungisa iingxaki ngokukhawuleza kukunceda uhlale usebenza. Ngononophelo olulungileyo, unokuhamba ngcono kwaye wenze okungakumbi ngokwakho. Ukhathalelo olulungileyo lomqolo kunye nokutyelela ugqirha rhoqo kukunceda uphile ubomi bakho obungcono.

Umahluko kunye nokuQwalasela

I-Orthopedic vs. Okunye Ukonakala

Unokuzibuza ukuba ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kwahluke njani kwezinye iziphene. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kuchaphazela kakhulu amathambo akho, izihlunu kunye namalungu. Oku kunokwenza ukuhamba, ukuhamba, okanye ukwenza izinto zemihla ngemihla nzima. Ukuba uzalwa unesiphako esifana ne-spina bifida, unokufuna uncedo lokuhamba okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo sesona sizathu siphambili abanye abantwana banenkathazo yokuhamba.

Olunye ukukhubazeka, njengokukhubazeka kwe-neuromotor, kuchaphazela ingqondo yakho kunye nemithambo-luvo. Ezi zinokwenza kube nzima ukushukuma okanye ukulawula umzimba wakho. Ukukhubazeka kweNeuromotor kaninzi kufuna uncedo olungakumbi, njengezixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nokufundisa. Unokusebenzisa iirempu, izitulo ezinamavili, okanye ezinye izixhobo ukuhamba-hamba esikolweni okanye ekhaya. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna utshintsho kwindawo yakho, njengeengcango ezibanzi okanye iidesika ezikhethekileyo.

Nazi ezinye iiyantlukwano eziphambili:

• Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kuchaphazela izihlunu kunye namathambo akho kwaye kwenza ukuba uhambe nzima.

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Neuromotor kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu, njengengxaki yokucinga okanye ukufunda.

• Unokufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kuzo zombini, kodwa uhlobo kunye nobungakanani boncedo lunokwahluka.

Ukwahluka kwi-Spina Bifida Cases

Ayizizo zonke iimeko i-spina bifida iyafana. Uhlobo kunye nendlela embi ngayo isiphene unokutshintsha uncedo oludingayo. Ezinye iintlobo ze-spina bifida zibangela kuphela iingxaki ezincinci. Abanye banokwenza ubomi bube nzima ngakumbi.

I-Myelomeningocele lolona hlobo lunobuzaza. Ihlala ibangela ukukhubazeka kunye nokulahlekelwa yimvakalelo emilenzeni yakho. Unokufuna utyando kunye nokunyamekela ixesha elide. Olu hlobo ludla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-orthopedic impairment. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-occulta, zisenokungafuni uncedo olungako.

Unokuba ne-spina bifida ukususela ekuzalweni okanye ufumane ukukhubazeka kwamathambo ngenxa yokwenzakala ekuzalweni. Into oyifunayo inokutshintsha njengoko ukhula. Oogqirha kunye nootitshala bajonga into onokuyenza kwaye yintoni enzima kuwe. Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunokukunceda ukuba uhambe kwaye ujoyine imisebenzi.

Qaphela: Wonke umntu onespina bifida wahlukile. Isicwangciso sakho sokhathalelo kufuneka sihambelane neemfuno kunye neenjongo zakho.

Ufundile ukuba i-spina bifida sisifo samathambo. Oku kubalulekile koogqirha, ootitshala, nakubantu abakhupha izixhobo zonyango. Ukusebenzisa ileyibhile efanelekileyo kunceda abantu abane-spina bifida bafumane uncedo abaludingayo. Abasebenzi bezonyango kufuneka bakhumbule ezi zinto:

1. I-spina bifida, ngakumbi i-myelomeningocele, idityaniswe ngendlela esebenza ngayo izihlunu.

2. I-Myelomeningocele Functional Classification (MMFC) inceda ukucwangcisa ukhathalelo.

3. Abantu abane-MMFC1 bafuna uncedo olongezelelekileyo lokunqanda amathambo ophukileyo kunye nezilonda.

Ukusebenzisa ileyibhile efanelekileyo ezikolweni nakwiikliniki kunceda abantu benze ngcono:

• Unokunika uncedo olufanelekileyo kumntu ngamnye.

• Izicwangciso ezikhethekileyo zinceda abafundi ukuba baphucule umsebenzi wesikolo kunye nolwimi.

• Inkxaso efanelekileyo inceda abantu ukuba bazimele.

Itekhnoloji entsha yomnqonqo, njenge-MRI ye-intraoperative kunye notyando lwerobhothi, yenza ukhathalelo lube ngcono kubantu abane-spina bifida. Nazi izixhobo ezitsha:

Alukho unyango lwe-spina bifida, kodwa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nenkathalo zinokwenza ubomi bubengcono. Khetha i-XC Medico njengeqabane lakho elithembekileyo kwizisombululo zomqolo. Inkqubo yethu yoMnqonqo ikunika umgangatho, imibono emitsha, kunye nenkxaso yazo zonke iimfuno zamathambo.

FAQ

Ngaba i-spina bifida isoloko ithathwa njengokukhubazeka kwamathambo?

I-spina bifida ibizwa ngokuba yi-orthopedic impairment ezikolweni nasezibhedlele. Abantu abaninzi abane-myelomeningocele bayayifanela le leyibhile. Iimeko ezincinci zinokufuna ukutshekishwa okungakumbi.

Zeziphi iinkonzo onokuzifumana ukuba une spina bifida?

Unokufumana unyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi. Izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuhamba kunye noncedo lwemfundo eyodwa nazo zinikezelwe. Izikolo zinokukunika i-IEP okanye i-504 Plan. Oogqirha banokucebisa izihlanguli okanye utyando.

Ingaba i-spina bifida iyichaphazela njani intshukumo yakho?

I-spina bifida inokwenza izihlunu zakho zibe buthathaka. Ukuhamba kunye nokuhamba kwamalungu kunokuba nzima. Unokufuna uncedo lokulinganisela okanye usebenzise isitulo esinamavili. Ukutyelela ugqirha rhoqo kukunceda uhlale usebenza.

Ngaba i-spina bifida ingatshintsha njengoko ukhula?

Iimfuno zakho zinokutshintsha njengoko ukhula. Unokufuna izixhobo ezitsha okanye unyango. Oogqirha kunye nootitshala baya kutshintsha isicwangciso sakho sokhathalelo njengoko ukhula.

Ziziphi izixhobo ezinceda ukulawula iingxaki ze-orthopedic ezivela kwi-spina bifida?

Unokusebenzisa izitulo ezinamavili, ii-walkers, kunye neebrace zokukunceda uhambe. I-XC Medico's Spine System inika izifakelo ezomeleleyo kunye nezixhobo zokhathalelo olungcono lomqolo.