Ingabe i-Spina Bifida Iwukukhubazeka Kwamathambo?

Yebo, i-spina bifida iyinkinga ukukhubazeka kwamathambo nomgogodla . Le lebula isetshenziswa kukho kokubili izilungiselelo zezokwelapha nezesikole. I-spina bifida ithinta umgogodla, imisipha, nendlela abantu abahamba ngayo. Lokhu kubalulekile uma usebenza kwezokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ezikoleni, noma ekusakazeni. Indlela i-spina bifida ebhalwe ngayo ingashintsha ukuthi ubani othola usizo nokusekelwa.

• Ilebula le-spina bifida njengokukhubazeka kwamathambo nomgogodla linga:

• Shintsha ukunakekelwa okunikeza othile.

• Kuthinta uma umuntu engathola usizo lwezempilo noma lwesikole.

• Yenza umehluko ocwaningweni nokuthi izinsiza zinikezwa kanjani.

E-United States, cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-2 875 izalwa ine-spina bifida. Ungabona amacala amaningi emindenini yama-Hispanic. Ukwazi ukuthi i-spina bifida ingena kanjani ekunakekelweni kwamathambo nomgogodla kukusiza ukuthi usekele abantu abayidinga kakhulu.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• I-spina bifida ukukhubazeka kwamathambo. Kuthinta indlela abantu abahamba ngayo. Abantu abanaso badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

• Ukubiza i-spina bifida ngegama kusiza abantu bathole usizo. Bangathola ukwesekwa okufanele kwezempilo nokwesikole.

• Ukuvakashela udokotela njalo kanye nokwelashwa kungasiza abantu ukuthi banyakaze kangcono. Lezi zinto zingabasiza nokuba bazimele.

• Izikole zinikeza usizo olukhethekile njengama-IEP kanye nama-504 Plans. Lezi zinhlelo zisiza abafundi abane-spina bifida ukuthi benze kahle esikoleni.

• Ubuchwepheshe obusha ekunakekelweni komgogodla bunikeza ukukhetha okungcono kokwelashwa. Lokhu kusiza abantu abane-spina bifida ukuthi bathole ukunakekelwa okungcono.

I-Orthopedic & Spine Impairment Uhlolojikelele

Kuyini Ukukhubazeka Kwamathambo?

Ungase uzwe 'i-orthopedic & spine' ezibhedlela nasezikoleni. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kusho ukuthi kunenkinga enkulu yamathambo, imisipha, noma imizwa. Le nkinga yenza kube nzima ukunyakaza noma ukufunda. Odokotela nothisha basebenzisa le lebula ukuze bakunike usizo olufanele. I-spina bifida ihambisana nale ncazelo ngoba umgogodla nomgogodla akwakhi ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Lokhu kudala inkinga ngokuhamba nokufunda kwesinye isikhathi.

Nali ithebula elibonisa indlela ochwepheshe abachaza ngayo ukukhubazeka kwamathambo:

Ungabona ukuthi i-spina bifida ikuzo zombili izincazelo zezokwelapha nezesikole. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ningathola usizo uma i-spina bifida yenza ukuphila kube nzima.

Izimo zomgogodla kanye nomthelela wazo

Izinkinga eziningi zomgogodla zingashintsha indlela ohamba ngayo futhi uphile ngayo. I-spina bifida ingenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu zomgogodla kusukela ekuzalweni. Kwenzeka lapho umgogodla nomgogodla ungavali yonke indlela ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Lokhu kungabangela imisipha ebuthaka, ingakwazi ukunyakaza, noma ukungezwa izinto. Ungase ube nenkinga yokuhamba noma ukuma. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-spina bifida ibangela i-scoliosis noma izinkinga zamalunga, okwenza ukunyakaza kube nzima nakakhulu.

Ezinye izinkinga zomgogodla, njenge-idiopathic scoliosis, nazo zithinta izingane. I-Idiopathic scoliosis iyinkinga evamile kakhulu yomgogodla ezinganeni. Kwenzeka cishe ku-0.5% wezingane futhi kubonakala kakhulu emantombazaneni.

Uma une-spina bifida, ungase uqaphele lezi zinto:

• Imisipha ebuthaka noma ukungakwazi ukunyakaza kwenza ukuhamba noma ukuma kanzima.

• Ukungazizwa izinto kungenza ukulinganisela nokuhamba kube nzima.

• I-Scoliosis nezinkinga ezihlangene zingenza kube nzima ukunyakaza.

• Izinkinga zesinye kanye namathumbu zingakuvimba ukuthi ujoyine imisebenzi.

Ukwelashwa namathuluzi kungakusiza nge-spina bifida. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kusiza ukwenza imisipha yakho ibe namandla. Ukwelapha emsebenzini kukufundisa indlela yokusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile. Izinto ezifana nezihlalo ezinamasondo zikusiza ukuthi uhambe. Ukunakekelwa kwesinye kanye namathumbu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlanganyele empilweni yansuku zonke.

Ukunakekelwa kwamathambo nomgogodla kukunikeza usizo oludingayo. I-spina bifida iyisibonelo esihle sokukhubazeka kwamathambo okudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

I-Spina Bifida Classification

Umbono Wezokwelapha ku-Spina Bifida

Odokotela nongoti banezindlela zokuhlanganisa i-spina bifida. I-Spina bifida iyinkinga evamile ye-neural tube. Kwenzeka lapho i-neural tube ingavali ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Le nkinga ithinta umgogodla futhi ibangela ukukhubazeka okuningi ngokomzimba. Odokotela babiza i-spina bifida kokubili ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kanye nesifo se-neuromotor. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuthinta amathambo akho, imisipha, nezinzwa.

Odokotela basebenzisa le mithetho ukuhlanganisa i-spina bifida:

• Ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwamathambo kushintsha indlela onyakaza ngayo noma owenza ngayo.

• Ukukhubazeka kwe-neuromotor kuvela ezinkingeni zobuchopho, umgogodla, noma izinzwa.

• I-spina bifida yisimo sokuzalwa, ngakho siba khona lapho sizalwa.

• I-spina bifida ingaba mnene (i-spina bifida occulta) noma ibe bucayi (i-spina bifida cystica).

Ungase ubone i-spina bifida ohlwini njengembangela yokukhubazeka kwamathambo ezincwadini. Lesi simo ngokuvamile siholela emisipha ebuthaka, ukukhubazeka, noma ukuhamba kanzima. Izinkinga eziningi ezixhunyaniswa ne-spina bifida zihlanganisa ukukhubazeka komgogodla, izinkinga ze-hip, nokuhlangana kwamalungu. Lezi zinkinga zingenza ukuphila kwansuku zonke kube nzima.

Nazi ezinye izinkinga ezivamile zamathambo ongase ube nazo nge-spina bifida:

• Ukukhubazeka komgogodla njenge-scoliosis ne-kyphosis kuvame kakhulu uma unezilonda ezinzima ze-neurologic.

• Ukukhubazeka kwemilenze engezansi, njengokuguquguquka kwe-hip noma ukuhlukaniswa, kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokungalingani kwemisipha.

• Ukuphambana kwenyonga noma idolo kanye nokukhubazeka okujikelezayo kungashintsha indlela ohamba ngayo noma ohamba ngayo.

Odokotela baphinde babheke ezinye izinkinga ezihambisana ne-spina bifida. Ungase ube ne-hydrocephalus, i-incontinence yesinye, noma ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka nge-urinary tract. Ukunakekelwa kwamathambo kwe-spina bifida kudinga iqembu. Ungase usebenze nodokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela bomchamo, nochwepheshe be-rehab. Umgomo oyinhloko ukukusiza ukuthi uhambe kangcono futhi uthuthukise impilo yakho, hhayi nje ukulungisa indlela umgogodla wakho obukeka ngayo ku-X-ray.

Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha basebenzisa lezi zincazelo ukuchaza i-spina bifida nemiphumela yayo yamathambo:

Udinga ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze ubuke izinguquko ekuhambeni, umuzwa, ukuma komgogodla, nempilo yesikhumba. Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ukukhubazeka okubi noma kukusize uhambe kangcono.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezemfundo Nokufaneleka

Ezikoleni, i-spina bifida ibizwa nangokuthi i-orthopedic impairment. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uthole ukwesekwa okudingayo ukuze ufunde futhi ukhule. Izikole zisebenzisa izinyathelo ezicacile ukubona ukuthi ungaluthola yini usizo olukhethekile:

• Udinga udokotela ozosho ukuthi une-spina bifida.

• Isikole sizohlola ukuthi yini ongayenza nokuthi yini oyidingayo.

• Ukukhubazeka kumele kwenze kube nzima ukuthi wenze kahle esikoleni.

I-spina bifida ukukhubazeka kwamathambo okuzalwa. Kungathinta indlela ohamba ngayo, osebenzisa ngayo izandla zakho, noma wenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Izikole zibheka izinkinga zokuhamba, ukusebenzisa izandla, ukuxhumanisa, noma amakhono okuphila nsuku zonke. Uma i-spina bifida yenza lezi zinto zibe nzima, ungathola usizo olwengeziwe.

Ukuze ufaneleke, udinga:

• Ubufakazi bokuthi ukukhubazeka kwakho kwamathambo kuthinta umsebenzi wakho wesikole.

• Umbiko kadokotela wangonyaka odlule.

Izikole zikahulumeni kumele zithole futhi zisize abafundi abakhubazekile. Uma une-spina bifida, ungathola i-Individualized Education Programme (IEP) noma i-504 Plan. I-IEP iwuhlelo olwenziwa abazali bakho nothisha. Ibala usizo oludingayo, njengokwelashwa noma amathuluzi akhethekile. I-504 Plan ikunikeza izinguquko ekilasini lakho, njengesikhathi esiningi noma ideski elikhethekile.

Nali ithebula elibonisa ukuthi izikole ziqoqa kanjani i-spina bifida:

Ungathola lezi zisekelo esikoleni:

• Isikhathi esengeziwe sokufika ekilasini noma ukuqeda umsebenzi.

• Isihlalo esiseduze nomnyango uma usebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondo noma i-walker.

• Ezokuthutha okulula ukuzisebenzisa.

• Siza ukuhamba phakathi kwamakilasi noma ngesikhathi sokuzivivinya umlilo.

• Isikhathi esiningi sokuhlolwa.

• Amakhefu avamile.

• Usizo ngokubhala amanothi.

• Amadeski noma amatafula angalungiswa.

• Ubuchwepheshe njengesofthiwe yokuqaphela izwi.

I-spina bifida yisimo esidinga kokubili ukusekelwa kwezokwelapha kanye nesikole. Ungathola usizo ngokukhubazeka kwakho ngokomzimba kanye nezidingo zakho zokufunda. Lolu sekelo lukusiza ukuthi ufinyelele imigomo yakho futhi ujoyine impilo yesikole.

Imithelela Yokukhubazeka Kwamathambo

Ukufinyelela Ezinsizakalweni Nokwesekwa

Uma une-spina bifida, ukubizwa ngokuthi ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kukusiza ukuthi uthole usizo olwengeziwe. Le lebula ikuvumela ukuthi uthole kokubili ukwesekwa kwezempilo nokwesikole. I-spina bifida inkinga ngomgogodla eqala ngaphambi kokuba uzalwe. Kuyisizathu esiyinhloko ezinye izingane ezinokukhubazeka kwamathambo. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo okutholiwe kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kodwa i-spina bifida ikhona kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ungase udinge usizo lokufunda, ukubhala, noma ukunyakaza. Izikole nemitholampilo inikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwesekwa. Nali ithebula elibonisa amanye amasevisi ongawathola:

Ungase futhi udinge amadivaysi akhethekile ukuze akusize unyakaze. Ukusebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondo noma i-walker kusenesikhathi kungakusiza ukuba uhambe. Izingane eziningi ezine-spina bifida zisebenzisa izinduku, izinsimbi zokuqinisa izinyawo, noma izihlalo zabakhubazekile. Isigaba 504 soMthetho Wokubuyisela esimweni siqinisekisa ukuthi ungawathola lawa madivaysi namasevisi esikoleni.

Ukuqapha Nokuphathwa Kwamathambo

Abantu abane-spina bifida badinga ukuhlolwa njalo amathambo nemisipha yabo. Odokotela babheka umgogodla wakho, okhalweni , nemilenze yokumisa noma ukulungisa izinkinga. Ukuhamba kusenesikhathi, noma kancane, kukusiza ukuthi uzimele. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase udinge ukuhlinzwa ukuze ulungise indlela ohamba ngayo.

Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuze babone ukuthi uhamba kanjani. Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi bazi uma udinga ukuhlinzwa noma okunye ukunakekelwa. I-Scoliosis ne-kyphosis yizinkinga ezivamile zomgogodla ku-spina bifida. Izinkinga ze-hip nezinyawo nazo zidinga ukubhekwa. Ukwelashwa kungaba izinsimbi zokuqinisa izinyawo, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukwelapha ngokomzimba.

Ukuthola usizo kusenesikhathi kuholela empilweni engcono njengoba ukhula. Ukulungisa izinkinga maduze kukusiza ukuthi uhlale usebenza. Ngokunakekela okuhle, ungahamba kangcono futhi wenze okwengeziwe uwedwa. Ukunakekelwa okuhle komgogodla kanye nokuvakasha kodokotela okuvamile kukusiza ukuthi uphile impilo yakho engcono kakhulu.

Umehluko & Ukucatshangelwa

I-Orthopedic vs. Okunye Ukukhubazeka

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kuhluke kanjani kokunye ukukhubazeka. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kuthinta kakhulu amathambo akho, imisipha namalunga. Lokhu kungenza ukuhamba, ukuhamba, noma ukwenza izinto zansuku zonke kube nzima. Uma unenkinga yokuzalwa njenge-spina bifida, ungase udinge usizo lokunyakaza noma ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kuyisizathu esiyinhloko ezinye izingane ezinenkinga yokuhamba.

Okunye ukukhubazeka, njengokukhubazeka kwe-neuromotor, kuthinta ubuchopho bakho nezinzwa. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukunyakaza noma ukulawula umzimba wakho. Ukukhubazeka kwe-Neuromotor kuvame ukudinga usizo olwengeziwe, njengamathuluzi akhethekile nokufundisa. Ungasebenzisa amarempu, izihlalo zabakhubazekile, noma ezinye izinto ukuze uhambe esikoleni noma ekhaya. Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo ngokuvamile kudinga izinguquko endaweni yakho, njengeminyango ebanzi noma amadeski akhethekile.

Nawu umehluko omkhulu:

• Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kuthinta imisipha namathambo akho futhi kwenza unyakaze kanzima.

• Ukukhubazeka kwe-Neuromotor kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokucabanga inkinga noma ukufunda.

• Ungase udinge amathuluzi akhethekile kukho kokubili, kodwa uhlobo nenani losizo kungahluka.

Izinguquko Ezimweni ze-Spina Bifida

Akuwona wonke amacala i-spina bifida iyafana. Uhlobo kanye nokuthi isici sibi kangakanani kungashintsha ukuthi yiluphi usizo oludingayo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-spina bifida zidala izinkinga ezincane kuphela. Abanye bangenza ukuphila kube nzima kakhulu.

I-Myelomeningocele iwuhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kubangela ukukhubazeka nokulahlekelwa umuzwa emilenzeni yakho. Ungase udinge ukuhlinzwa nokunakekelwa isikhathi eside. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile lubizwa ngokuthi ukukhubazeka kwamathambo. Ezinye izinhlobo, njenge-occulta, zingase zingadingi usizo olungako.

Ungaba ne-spina bifida kusukela ekuzalweni noma uthole ukukhubazeka kwamathambo ngenxa yokulimala lapho uzalwa. Okudingayo kungashintsha njengoba ukhula. Odokotela nothisha babheka ukuthi yini ongayenza nokuthi yini okunzima kuwe. Ukusetshenziswa kusenesikhathi kwamathuluzi akhethekile kungakusiza uhambise futhi ujoyine imisebenzi.

Qaphela: Wonke umuntu one-spina bifida uhlukile. Uhlelo lwakho lokunakekela kufanele luhambisane nezidingo zakho kanye nezinhloso zakho.

Ufunde ukuthi i-spina bifida iwukukhubazeka kwamathambo. Lokhu kubalulekile kodokotela, othisha, kanye nabantu abanikeza amathuluzi ezokwelapha. Ukusebenzisa ilebula efanele kusiza abantu abane-spina bifida ukuthi bathole usizo abaludingayo. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha kufanele bakhumbule lezi zinto:

1. I-spina bifida, ikakhulukazi i-myelomeningocele, ihlelwe ngendlela imisipha esebenza ngayo.

2. I-Myelomeningocele Functional Classification (MMFC) isiza ukuhlela ukunakekelwa.

3. Abantu abane-MMFC1 badinga usizo olwengeziwe lokumisa amathambo aphukile nezilonda.

Ukusebenzisa ilebula efanele ezikoleni nasemitholampilo kusiza abantu benze kangcono:

• Unganikeza usizo olufanele kumuntu ngamunye.

• Izinhlelo ezikhethekile zisiza abafundi ukuthi babe ngcono emsebenzini wesikole nolimi.

• Ukwesekwa okuhle kusiza abantu ukuthi bazimele.

Ubuchwepheshe obusha bomgogodla, njenge-MRI yokuhlinza kanye nokuhlinzwa kwerobhothi, kwenza ukunakekelwa kube ngcono kubantu abane-spina bifida. Nawa amathuluzi amasha:

Alikho ikhambi le-spina bifida, kodwa amathuluzi afanele nokunakekelwa kungenza impilo ibe ngcono. Khetha i-XC Medico njengozakwethu othembekile wezixazululo zomgogodla. Uhlelo lwethu lomgogodla lukunikeza ikhwalithi, imibono emisha, nokusekelwa kwazo zonke izidingo zamathambo.

FAQ

Ingabe i-spina bifida ihlale ibhekwa njengokukhubazeka kwamathambo?

I-spina bifida ibizwa ngokuthi i-orthopedic impairment ezikoleni nasezibhedlela. Abantu abaningi abane-myelomeningocele bayayifanela le lebula. Amacala amancane angase adinge ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Yiziphi izinsizakalo ongazithola uma une-spina bifida?

Ungathola ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nokwelashwa komsebenzi. Izinsiza zokuhamba kanye nosizo lwemfundo ekhethekile nazo zinikezwa. Izikole zingakunikeza i-IEP noma i-504 Plan. Odokotela bangase baphakamise izisekelo noma ukuhlinzwa.

Ngabe i-spina bifida ikuthinta kanjani ukunyakaza kwakho?

I-spina bifida ingenza imisipha yakho ibe buthaka. Ukuhamba nokuhamba amalunga kungaba nzima. Ungase udinge usizo lokulinganisela noma usebenzise isihlalo esinamasondo. Ukuvakasha kodokotela njalo kukusiza ukuthi uhlale usebenza.

Ingabe i-spina bifida ingashintsha njengoba ukhula?

Izidingo zakho zingashintsha njengoba ukhula. Ungase udinge amathuluzi amasha noma izindlela zokwelapha. Odokotela nothisha bazoshintsha uhlelo lwakho lokunakekela njengoba ukhula.

Yimaphi amathuluzi asiza ukuphatha izinkinga zamathambo kusuka ku-spina bifida?

Ungasebenzisa izihlalo zabakhubazekile, izihambi, nezinsimbi zokuhlanganisa ukuze zikusize uhambe. I-XC Medico's Spine System inikeza izimila eziqinile namathuluzi okunakekelwa okungcono komgogodla.