Intangiriro kuri Orthopedic Spinal Implants: Ubwihindurize kuva kera kugeza ubu

Ubuzima bwumugongo ningirakamaro mubuzima bwiza muri rusange, kandi nkuko ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere, nuburyo bwo kuvura indwara zumugongo. Gutera umugongo amagufwa ya orthopedic byabayeho biturutse ku bwihindurize budasanzwe, biva mu bisubizo bya rudimentaire bikajya mu bikoresho byujuje ubuhanga, buhanga buhanitse bigarura ingendo kandi bikazamura imibereho y’abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura ubwihindurize bwatewe uruti rwumugongo, inyungu zabo, hamwe nigihe kizaza cyibikoresho bihindura ubuzima.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwa orthopedic Spinal Implants?

Gutera umugongo ni ibikoresho byo kubaga byinjijwe mu ruti rw'umugongo kugirango bihamye cyangwa bishyigikire imiterere y'umugongo. Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mububaga kugirango bavure indwara nkindwara ya disiki igabanuka, scoliose, kuvunika umugongo, nibindi byinshi. Ibyo gushyirwaho bifasha gufata amagufwa mu mwanya, guteza imbere gukira, no kugarura imikorere yumugongo. Bitabaye ibyo, abarwayi benshi bahura nubumuga buhoraho cyangwa ububabare budashira.

Uruhare rwimitsi yumugongo mukuvura

Gutera umugongo byahindutse urufatiro rwo kubaga umugongo ugezweho. Bikora nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kugarura uruti rw'umugongo, kugabanya ububabare, no kwemerera urutirigongo gukira neza. Kurugero, kubaga uruti rwumugongo, bigamije guhuza burundu na vertebrae ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi hamwe, zishingikiriza cyane kumutwe wumugongo kugirango zifate amagufwa mumwanya mugihe zihuye.

Intangiriro Yambere Yimitsi Yumugongo

Wizere cyangwa utabyemera, kubaga umugongo bimaze ibinyejana byinshi. Kugerageza hakiri kare wasangaga bidasanzwe, hamwe n'ubumenyi buke bwibibazo byumugongo. Imikoreshereze yatewe, ariko, ntabwo yaje gukina kugeza nyuma cyane.

Kugerageza Bwa mbere Kugerageza Kubaga Umugongo

Imico ya kera, harimo Abanyamisiri n'Abagereki, bagerageje kubaga umugongo, nubwo batagize icyo bageraho. Bakunze gukoresha ibikoresho bya rudimentary hamwe nuburyo bubi, ibyo bigatuma habaho gutsindwa kwinshi. Mu kinyejana cya 19 ni bwo bwa mbere abaganga ba mbere b'umugongo batangiye kugaragara, nubwo bafite aho bagarukira.

Ivuka ryibyuma

Mu ntangiriro ya 1900, gutera ibyuma byatangiye kwinjira mu kubaga umugongo. Ku ikubitiro, ibyuma nkibyuma bidafite ingese byakoreshwaga kugirango bitange imbaraga n’umutekano mugihe cyo kubagwa. Iyimikwa ryateye imbere cyane muburyo bwabanje, ariko baracyafite ibibazo kubera ibibazo nko kwangirika no kwanga umubiri kwamahanga.

Ubwihindurize bwibikoresho mugutera umugongo

Kimwe mu bintu byingenzi byateye imbere mugutera umugongo ni ihindagurika ryibikoresho byakoreshejwe mubwubatsi bwabo. Ibikoresho byiza ntabwo ari ingenzi gusa kubwo gutuza gusa ahubwo no kubuzima bwa biocompatibilité - bivuze ko bigomba guhuzwa numubiri wumuntu kugirango birinde kwangwa cyangwa ingorane.

Kuva Kumashanyarazi kugeza Titanium

Mu kinyejana cya 20 rwagati, abaganga bahinduye titanium yo gutera umugongo. Bitandukanye nicyuma kitagira umwanda, titanium yari iramba, yoroshye, kandi, icyingenzi, ntabwo ishobora kwangirika mumubiri. Ihinduka ryaranze umwanya wingenzi mumateka yo gutera umugongo, kuko titanium yabaye igipimo cyizahabu muburyo bwinshi bwumugongo.

Kugaragara kw'ibikoresho bihuza ibinyabuzima

Uko ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere, intumbero yatangiye guhinduka yerekeza kubikoresho byinshi byateye imbere. Kwinjiza ibikoresho biocompatibilité - nkubukorikori, ibihimbano, hamwe na polymers - byatumye habaho kurushaho guhuza umubiri wumuntu. Ibi bikoresho bifasha kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura, kwangwa, ningorane, biganisha ku ntera nini yo kubaga umugongo.

Iterambere rya Tekinoloji mu Gutera Uruti

Ubwihindurize bwatewe uruti rwumugongo ntabwo bujyanye nibikoresho gusa - bujyanye nubuhanga bukoreshwa mugushushanya no gukora ibyo byatewe. Kuva izamuka rya icapiro rya 3D kugeza kwishyira hamwe kwa robo mu kubaga, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryazamuye cyane ubwiza n’intsinzi yo kubaga umugongo.

Uruhare rwo gucapa 3D mugushushanya

Kimwe mu bintu byateye imbere cyane mu myaka yashize ni ugukoresha icapiro rya 3D mu gukora umugongo wihariye. Icapiro rya 3D ryemerera abaganga gukora ibishushanyo mbonera byihariye bya anatomiya yumurwayi. Iri koranabuhanga ryateje imbere cyane ibyavuye mu kubaga bitanga insimburangingo ihuye neza, igabanya ibibazo nigihe cyo gukira.

Imashini za robo na sisitemu yo kuyobora

Ubuhanga bwa robo na sisitemu yo kugendana ubu ni igice gisanzwe cyo kubaga umugongo. Ibi bikoresho bifasha kubaga gukora progaramu hamwe nibisobanuro bidasanzwe, byemeza ko gutera umugongo bishyirwa neza aho bikenewe. Hifashishijwe robotike, kubaga bimaze gufata amasaha birashobora kurangira mugihe gito, hamwe nihungabana rito kumubiri.

Ubwoko bwimigongo igezweho

Uyu munsi, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwatewe uruti rwumugongo, buriwese yagenewe ibihe byihariye nuburyo bwo kubaga. Bumwe mu bwoko bukunze kuboneka harimo:

Ibikoresho byo guhuza umugongo

Uruti rw'umugongo ni bumwe mu buryo bwo kubaga umugongo. Muri ubu buryo, vertebrae ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi zahujwe burundu hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo guhuza . Ibi byatewe bihindura urutirigongo mugihe cyo gukira, byemeza ko amagufwa akura hamwe nkuko byateganijwe. Ibikoresho byo guhuza mubisanzwe birimo imigozi, inkoni, hamwe namasahani.

Disiki Yubukorikori nintego yabyo

Gusimbuza disiki yubukorikori nubundi buryo bwo guhuza umugongo. Ibi bikoresho byashizweho kugirango bisimbuze disiki yangiritse cyangwa irwaye mugongo. Bitandukanye no guhuza umugongo, bikuraho kugenda hagati yintegamubiri, disiki yubukorikori irinda kugenda, igaha abarwayi ibyiyumvo bisanzwe kandi bishobora gukira vuba.

Inyungu zo Kwimura Uruti Rugezweho

Gutera umugongo bigezweho bitanga inyungu nyinshi muburyo bukera, ntabwo ukurikije ibikoresho byakoreshejwe gusa ahubwo no mubisubizo batanga.

Kugabanya Igihe cyo Kugarura

Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi ziterwa no gutera umugongo bigezweho ni ukugabanya igihe cyo gukira . Bitewe nubuhanga bwibasiye cyane hamwe nubushakashatsi bwateye imbere, abarwayi bakunze kugira ububabare buke, ingorane nke, nigihe cyo gukira vuba ugereranije nuburyo bukera.

Kongera umusaruro wabarwayi

Hamwe nibikoresho bigezweho hamwe nikoranabuhanga, igipimo cyo gutsinda kubaga umugongo cyateye imbere cyane. Muri iki gihe, abarwayi benshi babazwe uruti rw'umugongo barashobora kwitega kugenda neza , kugabanya ububabare, ndetse n'ubuzima bwiza muri rusange.

Inzitizi n'ibizaza

Nubwo hari iterambere, haracyari ibibazo bigomba gukemurwa mubijyanye no gutera umugongo. Kwanga kwimura, kwandura, no kwambara mugihe gikomeje kuba impungenge kubarwayi bamwe. Ariko, ejo hazaza hasa naho hari ibyiringiro.

Gutsinda Kwangwa

Imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye nukureba ko umubiri utanga gutera umugongo. Abashakashatsi barimo gushakisha uburyo bwo gutera ibimera neza hamwe nuduce twabantu no kugabanya ibyago byo kwangwa, ibyo bikaba byazamura cyane ingaruka zigihe kirekire kubarwayi.

Ejo hazaza h'umugongo

Ejo hazaza hatewe umugongo ni heza, hamwe nubushakashatsi bukomeje gushiramo ubwenge, nanotehnologiya, nibindi byinshi. Gutera ubwenge birashobora kuvugana nibindi bikoresho byubuvuzi kugirango bikurikirane inzira yo gukira no kumenya ibibazo hakiri kare. Byongeye kandi, iterambere mubuvuzi bushya bushobora umunsi umwe kwemerera gushiramo bishobora gufasha mubyukuri kuvugurura ingirangingo.

Umwanzuro

Gutera umugongo orthopedic bigeze kure kuva byatangira. Kuva ibyuma byambere byatewe kugeza tekinoroji-yubuhanga, ibikoresho byabugenewe byiki gihe, ubwihindurize bwibikoresho bikiza ubuzima byagize uruhare runini