Ɔtpidik trauma gayd | Ekstanshal fikseshɔn indikɛshɔn ɛn freym tayp dɛn
כtpidik sכja dεm de yuz εksternal fikseshכn divays fכ sεlekt opin frakshכn, siriכs sכft-tisu injuri, rεpid tεmporari stεbilizεshכn, sכm frakshכn nia jכyn, limb rεkכnstrכkshכn, difכmiti kכrekshכn, limb lεngthεn εn sεlekt fכ fכs prosidכs. dipכnt pan di injuri εn tritmεnt plan, di fכm kin bi tεmporari brij fכ intanεt fiksεshכn כ di difinitiv mεtכd we dεn yuz we di bon de hεl.
Wetin Na Ɛksternal Fikseshɔn Divays?
εksternal fiksεshכn divays na כtכpεdik fכm we dεn kin yuz fכ stebul כ sכmtεm kכrekt di bon posishכn. Dɛn kin put pin ɔ waya insay bon ɛn kɔnɛkt am to bar, ring, klem ɔ ɔda tin dɛn we de na do na di bɔdi. biכs di men fכm de stil de na do, di sכja dεm kin akses di sכft tisu dεm εn, wit sεlekt sistεm dεm, dεn kin ajɔst di alaynsmεnt we dεn de tritmεnt.
Eksternal fikseshɔn de diskrayb wan tritmɛnt we pas wan yunivasal prodak. di freym dεm de frכm kompakt divays dεm fכ di an כ wrist to monolateral bar dεm εn sεkyulכr sistεm dεm we dεn de yuz fכ trauma na di lכw-limb εn rikostrכkshכn. divays disayn, pin konfigureshכn εn postכpεraytiv instrכkshכn dεm fכ mach di spεsifi k anatomi, di yus we dεn bin want fכ yuz εn di כtorizεt sistεm.
Impɔtant difrɛns: ɛksternal fiksatɔ nɔto ɔtomɛtik wan tɛmporari divays. Dɛn kin yuz am fɔ sɔm tɛm na stej trauma kia, ɔ i kin bi di difinitiv fikseshɔn we te dɛn rich inɔf hilin ɔ kɔrɛkshɔn.
Us Ɔtpidik Ɔpreshɔn dɛn we De Yuz Ɛksternal Fikseta?
di ansa we klia pas ɔl na dat dɛn kin yuz ɛksternal fikseshɔn we di ɔspitul dɛn nid skel stebiliti we dɛn de stɔp ɔda disrɔpshɔn rawnd wan eria we wund ɔ we dɛn dɔn bil bak. I kin yus mɔ we dɛn fɔ kip di akses to wund ɔ sɔft tisu, we dɛn nid fɔ mek dɛn stebul kwik kwik wan fɔ sɔm tɛm, ɔ we dɛn fɔ kɔrɛkt am smɔl smɔl na pat pan di tritmɛnt plan.
Siviɔs Opin Fraktrɔs ɛn Sɔft-Tisu Injuri
Opin fraktכs de kכmכnik wit wund εn i kin involv kכntaminεshכn, tisu dεm dεm εn infεkshכn risk. εksternal fiksεshכn kin gi stεbiliti we di sכja dεm de du dεbridemεnt, wund mεnejmεnt εn sכft-tisu rεkכnstrכkshכn. insay stej kia, leta dεn kin riples di fכs fכm wit כda fikseshכn mεtכd afta di tisu dεm εn di sikman rεdi.
dεn kin tink bכt bak fכ fiks di εksternal we yu swel, injuri na di skin כ di sכft tisu we kכmprכmis de mek i nכ fayn fכ fiks insay di bכdi kwik kwik wan. I nɔ de indipɛndɛnt fɔ mek pɔsin nɔ gɛt di sik ɔ i nɔ de gi garanti fɔ mek i wɛl; di rayt debridement, antibayɔtik we dɛn sho, kia fɔ wund, stebul fikseshɔn ɛn fɔlɔp ɔl de kɔntribyut to tritmɛnt.
Tɛmporari Damej-Kɔntrol Ɔtopɛdiks
pan di sik pipul dεm we gεt mכltipכl injuri כ fysiolojikal instεbiliti, wan εksternal fכm we dεn aplay kwik kwik wan kin stεbyul wan lכng bon כ pεlvik injuri fכ sכm tεm we di trauma tim de adrεs prכblεm dεm we de mek dεn layf de pan denja. Dɛn kin kɔl dis we fɔ du tin damej-kɔntrol ɔtpidik.
di disayd fכ kכnvכlt to intanεt fikseshכn, rivays di fכm כ rεtεn εksternal fikshכn de dipכnt pan di sikman in rεkכvεshכn, kכntaminεshכn, sכft-tisu kכndishכn, alaynmεnt εn כvala sכjεkshכn stratεji. No yunivasal kɔnvɛnshɔn de nɔ de we de apin to ɛvri injuri.
Tibial Plateau, Pilon ɛn Ɔda Pɛriartikul Fraktrɔs
di frakshכn dεm we gεt hכy εnεji nia di kכn כ ankכl kin kam wit bכku bכku swel εn sכft tisu injuri. wan jכyn-spanin fכm kin mεnten lεngth εn alaynmεnt we di swel de impruv εn difinitiv planin de kכntinyu. insay sεlekt kes dεm, wan sεkyulכr, haybrid כ כda εksternal sistεm kin fכm pat pan di difinitiv rεkכnstrכkshכn.
biכs wan spanin fכm kin rεstrikt di jכyn muvmεnt, di pin posishכn, di fכm jכmetri, sכft-tisu akses εn di nεks stej fכ tritmεnt fכ tink bכt bifo i aplikeshכn.
Limb Lengthening ɛn Difɔmiti Kɔrɛkshɔn
sεkyul εn spεshal εksternal fכm dεm kin yus afta dεn plan fכ kכt bon fכ chenj sכmtεm sכmtεm lεngth, angulεshכn, rotashכn כ transleshכn. di kכrekshכn schedule dεm na di trit limb-rεkכnstrכkshכn tim de prεskrib am εn dεn de ajɔst am akɔdin to raydiograf, bon fכmeshכn, sכft tisu tכlerεns, nεv fכnshכn εn joyn muvmεnt.
Wan distrakshɔn rit we dɛn kin tɔk bɔt ɔltɛm nɔ fɔ trit am lɛk yunivasal pasɛnt instrɔkshɔn. di aprכpriet rεt εn ritm de difrεn wit di anatomi, ej, kכrekshכn gol εn bayolojikal rεspכns.
Jɔyn Fiushɔn, Nɔnunion ɛn Limb Rikɔnstrɔkshɔn
εksternal fiksεshכn kin yus insay sεlekt atrכdesis prosidכs dεm, infεkt כ kכmpleks nכnunion tritmεnt, bon transpכt εn rεkכnstrכkshכn afta bon dεm lכs. Dis na spɛshal indikɛshɔn dɛm we nid fɔ tek tɛm plan fɔ stebul, kɔmpreshɔn ɔ distrakshɔn, bon bayoloji, infɛkshɔn mɛnejɛmɛnt ɛn rihabiliteshɔn.
Mini eksternal fikseshɔn sistem dɛn kin yuz bak fɔ sɔm fraktrɔs, dislɔkeshɔn ɔ rikostrɔktiv prosidyuz dɛn we involv di an, an, fut ɔ anklɛ we di prɔdak in intended yus ɛn di ɔspitul plan sɔpɔt da aplikeshɔn de.
| Klinik situeshɔn | Posisibul rol fɔ ɛksternal fikseshɔn | Kɔmɔn planin kɔnsidareshɔn |
|---|---|---|
| Opin fraktrɔs wit sɔft-tisu damej | Temporary stεbilizεshכn כ sεlekt difinitiv fikseshכn | akses to wund, kontamineshɔn, alaynɛshɔn ɛn sɔft-tisu kɔvarej |
| Polytrauma ɔ pɔsin we nɔ stebul | Rapid damej-kɔntrol stebilizayshɔn | Fisiolכjik kכndishכn, leta kכnvכshכn stratεji εn frεm akses |
| Fraktrɔs we gɛt ay ɛnaji we de na di periartikul | Jɔyn-spanin tɛmporari freym ɔ sɛlɛkɛt difinitiv kɔnstrɔkshɔn | Swel, joyn surface injury, pin ples ɛn fiuja insishɔn |
| Difɔmiti kɔrɛkshɔn ɔ limb lɔng | Smɔl smɔl kɔrɛkshɔn afta dɛn dɔn ɔpreshɔn | Kכrekshכn plan, rigεnεret bon, nεv, mכsul dεm εn jכyn muvmεnt |
| Nɔnunion, infɛkshɔn ɔ bon lɔs | stεbiliti, kכmpreshכn, bon transpכt כ stej rεkכnstrכkshכn | Bon bayoloji, infεkshכn kכntrכl, difεkt saiz εn di pasεnt tכlerεns |
| Selekt jɔyn fushɔn | Kɔmpreshɔn ɛn mentenɛns fɔ alaynɛshɔn | bon kכntakt, fכm stεbiliti, sכft tisu εn weit-bεri plan |
Temporary vs Difinitiv Ekstanshal Fikseshɔn
Dɛn kin yuz am fɔ gɛt stebiliti kwik kwik wan we di pɔsin, wund ɔ sɔft tisu dɛn de wɛl. Di tritmɛnt plan kin chenj leta to intanɛnt fikseshɔn ɔ ɔda we fɔ rikostrɔk.
di freym de stil bi di prinsipal fikseshכn kכnstrכkt di tεm we di frakshכn de hεl, fכ fכm כ sכmtεm kכrekshכn εn dεn de pul am we di trit tim dεn disayd se dεn bin mit di tritmεnt כbjεktiv.
Fɔ shɔt tɛm nɔ min se i nɔ impɔtant, ɛn difinitiv nɔ min fɔ ɔltɛm. Dɛn tu strateji ya nid fɔ gɛt kɔrɛkt pin ples, inof freym stebiliti, di rayt alaynɛshɔn ɛn wan dɔkyumɛnt fɔlɔp plan.
AAOS notis se dɛn kin put ɛksternal fiksatɔ we di skin ɛn di sɔft tisu dɛn dɔn pwɛl bad bad wan te di pɔsin ebul fɔ bia wit di ɔpreshɔn, we insay ɔda kes dɛn i kin bi di difinitiv tritmɛnt. So di kɔrɛkt rod na kes-spɛsifi k pas fɔ disayd bay di divays nem nɔmɔ.
Tayp dɛn fɔ Ɛksternal Fikseshɔn Frɛm dɛn
di kayn freym dεn de sεlekt akɔdin to di anatomical rijyכn, frakshכn כ rεkכnstrכkshכn patεn, stεbiliti we dεn nid, nid fכ ajɔst εn prodak-spεsifi k yus we dεn bin want fכ yuz. XC Medico grup in prodakt dɛn we de insay in כtכpidik εksternal fikseshכn sistεm dεm.
Monolateral Ekstanshal Fiksatɔ dɛn
wan monolateral freym de posishכn mεntal wan along wan say na di limb. dipכnt pan di sistεm, i kin gi wan kכmparativ strεt bar-εn-klam kכnfigureshכn εn akses rawnd bכku pan di limb. I kin yuz am insay sɔm trauma ɛn rikostrɔktiv aplikeshɔn dɛn we dɛn kin ebul fɔ gɛt inɔf stebiliti.
Prɔfɛshɔnal pipul dɛn we de bay kin rivyu di tin dɛn we de monolateral external fixation systems , bכt di εksakεt indikεshכn εn kכnfigureshכn mכst kכnfכm frכm di kכrant lεbul εn sכjεkshכnal tεknik dכkument dεm.
Sɛkɔral ɛn Ilizarov Frɛm dɛn
Sɛkɔral freym dɛn de yuz ring dɛn we dɛn kɔnɛkt to waya dɛn we dɛn dɔn tɛnsi, af pin ɛn rod ɔ strut. dεn jכmetri kin sכpכt mכltiplanar stεbiliti εn sכm sכm kכrekshכn, we de mek dεn riliwan to sεlekt kכmpleks frakshכn, difכmiti kכrekshכn, bon transpכt εn limb rεkכnstrכkshכn.
Ilizarov sεkyulכr εksternal fiksa dεm na wan famili insay dis kεtכgrεf. Asembli ɛn kɔrɛkshɔn protɔkɔl dɛn nid spɛshal trenin ɛn dɛn nɔ fɔ infɛr am frɔm wan jenɛral prodakt foto.
Modular ɛn Haybrid Fiksator dɛn
Modular sistem dεm de alaw fכ arenj kכmכpכnt dεm fכ difrεn frakshכn lכkεshכn dεm εn akses nid dεm. haybrid kכnstrכkt dεm kin kכmbayn ring, waya, haf pin כ yunilateral kכmכpכnt dεm fכ mit wan sεlekt stεbiliti εn anatomi rikwaymεnt.
Mini ɛn Jɔyn-Spanning Fiksator dɛn
Mini freym dεm kin kכnfigyut fכ sכlekt sכm sכm bon injuri dεm, we di jכint-span kכnstrכkt kin brij fכ sכm tεm wan kכn, ankכl, wrist כ כda jכint we inju bad bad wan. Wan spanin freym kin ɛp fɔ mek dɛn kɔntinyu fɔ alaynɛd bɔt i kin mek di jɔyn nɔ muv, so di tɛm we dɛn fɔ tek ɛn di rihabiliteshɔn plan nid fɔ de wach am gud gud wan.
di bon kwaliti impɔtant: di ekstenal fikseshɔn pin ɛn waya dɛn fɔ gɛt adekwayt bay bay insay bon. כstioporosis nכ de mek i bεtε fכ fכs fכ fכm na do; di bon kwaliti we nɔ fayn kin mek i kɔmplikt fɔ fiks ɛn dɛn fɔ tink bɔt am we dɛn de pik di divays, di pin strateji ɛn di ɔvala tritmɛnt plan.
Aw Dɛn De Aplay Ɛksternal Fikseta?
Dɛn kin du ɛksternal fikseshɔn na ɔpreshɔn-rum sɛtin we dɛn de yuz wan aprɔpriet anestezi ɛn imej plan. di egzakt stεp dεm difrεn bay di bכdi rijyכn, fכm disayn εn if di gol na tεmporari stεbilizεshכn, difinitiv fikseshכn כ sכmtεm kכrekshכn.
di pin ples fכ avכyd imכtant nεv dεm, vεsεl dεm, jכint dεm εn sכft tisu dεm we dεn dכn pwεl. We dɛn tink se dɛn go du ɔda ɔpreshɔn, dɛn fɔ plan di say dɛn we dɛn kin pin dɛn bak so dat dɛn nɔ go ambɔg di say dɛn we dɛn kin kɔt ɔ implant leta. Na di ɔspitul tim de disayd dɛn ditil ya ɛn dɛn nɔ go ebul fɔ chenj dɛn wit jenɛral instrɔkshɔn dɛn we de na di intanɛt.
Aw Sɔjɔn dɛn kin Pik wan Ɛksternal Fikseshɔn Sistɛm?
No singl 'best' ekstenal fikseta de fכ evri כtpidik כpεrayshכn. sεlεkshכn fכ fala di indikεshכn, anatomi εn di mεkanikal bihayvya we dεn nid fכ di komplit kכnstrכkt.
Prodak pej dɛn lɛk di ankle joint external fixator kin ɛp profeshɔnal yuza dɛn fɔ no wan prɔdak famili. Dɛn nɔ de tek di ples fɔ di lɛbl we dɛn kin yuz, ɔspitul tɛknik, lokal rɛjista ɔ di klinik jɔjmɛnt we pɔsin kin gɛt fɔ di pɔsin.
Rikavari, Weyt Bearing ɛn Fram Durayshɔn
Di we aw pɔsin kin wɛl kin difrɛn bad bad wan. di tεm we di frεm de tek kin infכmeshכn bay di frakshכn patεn, di bon dεm we de hεl, di sכft tisu rεkכnstrכkshכn, infεkshכn, kכrekshכn gol, di ej, hεlth εn di mεkanikal envayroment. Dɛn nɔ fɔ prɔmis wan patikyula nɔmba fɔ wik ɔ mɔnt fɔ ɔl di sik pipul dɛn.
Dɛn kin gi instrɔkshɔn dɛn bak fɔ bia wet fɔ ɛnibɔdi. Sɔm kɔnstrɔkshɔn dɛn we dɛn mek fɔ alaw fɔ lod we dɛn dɔn pik, ɛn ɔda wan dɛn nid fɔ bia pat pan di wet ɔ we nɔ gɛt wet. Di sik pipul dɛn fɔ fala di instrɔkshɔn dɛn we dɛn ɔtpidik ɛn rihabiliteshɔn tim dɛn rayt pas fɔ tink se if freym de de mek dɛn waka sef.
Fɔ fala-fala kin tink bɔt:
- raydiografik alaynsmεnt εn pruf fכ hεl כ rigεnεret bon fכmeshכn;
- freym ɛn pin stebiliti;
- pen, swel, skin kondishכn εn pin-sayt apinεns;
- di nerv ɛn di blɔd-vessel dɛn de wok;
- di muvmεnt fכ di joyn dεm we de nia dεm εn di mכsul dεm fכ wok;
- prɔgrɛs fɔ rich di gol dɛn we dɛn dɔn prɛskrib fɔ lod ɛn rihabiliteshɔn.
Afta dɛn dɔn pul di freym, sɔm pasɛnt dɛn nid fɔ gɛt protɛkshɔn, brayz ɔ prɔgrɛsiv rihabiliteshɔn. di tεm εn di aktvכti prכgreshכn dipכnt pan di trit tim in asesmεnt fכ di bon stεbiliti εn fכnshכn.
Risk, Kɔmplikɛshɔn ɛn Pin-Sayt Keya
Ekstanshal fiks kin gi impɔtant tritmɛnt advantej pan sɔm kes dɛm, bɔt i gɛt risk bak. Pin-sayt iritashɔn ɔ infɛkshɔn na wan pan di tin dɛn we kin mɔna pipul dɛn. Ɔda prɔblɛm dɛn we kin apin na we di pin kin lɔs, we i nɔ kin alaynɛd, we i kin delay fɔ mek di union nɔ gɛt wanwɔd, we i nɔ kin jɔyn, we di jɔyn dɛn kin stiff, we di mɔsul ɔ di tɛndon kin tay, we di nerv ɔ di blɔd vesel kin wund, we di hadwɔd kin wok ɛn dip infɛkshɔn.
Pin-keya protɔkɔl dɛn difrɛn bitwin ɔspitul ɛn freym tim dɛn, ɛn pruf nɔ de sɔpɔt wan yunivasal klin we fɔ ɛvri sityueshɔn. Di sik pipul dɛn fɔ yuz di sapɔt, frɛkuɛns ɛn tɛknik we dɛn yon klinik tim de tich.
Kɔntakt di tim we de trit kwik kwik wan fɔ mek yu gɛt mɔ pen rawnd wan pin, rɛdnɛs we de spre, swɛlin we de go ɔp, pus ɔ dischaj we nɔ kɔmɔn, fiva, fil bad, nyu prɔblɛm fɔ bia wet, wan komponent we nɔ tay, chenj na di limb pozishɔn, nyu limb ɔ kol limb. Siriɔs simptom ɔr we dɛn tink se nyurovaskyuɛl kɔmprɔmis nid fɔ gɛt mɛdikal asɛsmɛnt kwik kwik wan.
Di pɔsin nɔ fɔ ajɔst, tayt ɔ pul di freym dɛn pas di tim we de trit dɔn gi wan patikyula ajɔstmɛnt schedule ɛn trenin we dɛn dɔn prɛskrib. Ɛni freym muvmɛnt we dɛn nɔ ɛkspɛkt ɔ di kɔmpɔnɛnt we dɔn pwɛl fɔ ripɔt.
Ekstanshal Fikseshɔn Sistɛm fɔ Ospital ɛn Distributɔ dɛn
Fɔ ɔspitul, distribyushɔn ɛn OEM/ODM patna dɛn, ɛvalueshɔn fɔ kɔba di kɔmplit sistɛm pas wan singl bar, ring ɔ klem. Di disizhɔn dɛn fɔ prokyumɛnt fɔ chɛk fɔ si if dɛn dɔn rɛjista fɔ di makit, di we aw dɛn want fɔ yuz am, di tin dɛn we dɛn rayt bɔt di tin dɛn we dɛn nid, di we aw dɛn go tray fɔ no, di we aw dɛn de tɛst di tin dɛn we dɛn de yuz fɔ mek tin dɛn, di instrɔkshɔn dɛn fɔ lɛ dɛn klin ɔ fɔ sterilayz, di pin ɛn inschrumɛnt dɛn we kɔmpitabl, di kɔnfigyushɔn fɔ pak ɛn sɔpɔt afta dɛn dɔn sɛl.
XC Medico in wan εksternal fiksεshכn divays kεtכgכri dεm inklud mכdula, mכnolateral, sεkyulכr εn anatomi-spεsifi k opshכn dεm. Di we aw dɛn de ɛn di we aw dɛn de du tin kin difrɛn bay di makit, so di wan dɛn we de bay fɔ aks fɔ di dɔkyumɛnt dɛn we de naw fɔ di rayt katalog nɔmba ɛn di kɔntri usay dɛn de go.
| Prokyumɛnt chɛkpoint | Kwɛshɔn dɛn fɔ chɛk |
|---|---|
| Di we aw dɛn bin want fɔ yuz am | Us bon, prosidur ɛn freym kɔnfigyushɔn dɛn de insay di kɔrɛnt prodakt lɛbl? |
| Sistem kɔmplitnɛs | Yu tink se kɔmpatibl pin, waya, klem, rod, ring, inschrumɛnt ɛn riplesmɛnt kɔmpɔnɛnt dɛn de? |
| Dokumɛnt dɛn we dɛn rayt | Di saplay kin gi sɛtifiket, tɛst rɛkɔd, instrɔkshɔn fɔ yuz ɛn lɔt-lɛvel traceability? |
| Sterilɛs we pɔsin kin gɛt | Us komponent dɛn de saplae steril ɔ nɔ steril, ɛn us validet prɔsesin instrɔkshɔn dɛn de aplay? |
| Trenin ɛn sɔpɔt | Yu tink se asembli gayd, inschrumɛnt list, prodak trenin ɛn kɔmplen-handlin prɔses de? |
| Akses fɔ di makit | Di ɛksaktɔl divays kɔnfigyushɔn alaw fɔ di dɛstineshɔn makɛt ɛn di prɔpɔz indikɛshɔn? |
Fɔ profeshɔnal prokyumɛnt: rivyu di ɛksternal fiksatɔ famili dɛn we de ɛn aks fɔ di kɔrɛnt katalog, kɔmpɔnɛnt list ɛn makɛt-spɛsifi k rigyuletɔri dɔkyumɛnt dɛn bifo yu pik wan sistɛm.
Kwɛstyɔn dɛn we dɛn kin aks bɔku tɛm bɔt ɛksternal fikseshɔn
Us ɔtpidik ɔpreshɔn dɛn kin yuz ɛksternal fikseshɔn?
εksternal fiksεshכn kin yuz fכ sεlekt opin frakshכn, siriכs sכft tisu injuri, damej-kכntrol stεbilizεshכn, hεy-εnεji pεriartikul frakshכn, limb lεngthεn, difכmiti kכrekshכn, nכnunion כ bon-lכs rεkכnstrכkshכn, εn sεlekt jכyn-fyushכn prosidכs.
Yu tink se ɛksternal fiksatɔ na fɔ shɔt tɛm ɔltɛm?
Nɔ, sɔm freym dɛn na tɛmporari brij to ɔda ɔpreshɔn, we ɔda wan dɛn de fɔ de as di difinitiv fikseshɔn kɔnstrɔkshɔn we dɛn de mɛn ɔ kɔrɛkshɔn.
Yu tink se pɔsin we sik kin waka wit ɛksternal fiksatɔ?
Na we di dɔktɔ we de trit di ɔpreshɔn ɛn di rihabiliteshɔn tim alaw am nɔmɔ. di stetכs fכ bεn di wet dipכnt pan di injuri, fכm kכnfigureshכn, bon kwaliti, hεl εn כvala tritmεnt plan.
Aw lɔŋ wan ɛksternal fiksatɔ kin de pan?
No universal duration nɔ de fɔ lɔng tɛm. di freym de stil akam di objektif fכ tritmεnt, rεdyografik prכgres, sכft-tisu kכndishכn, stεbiliti εn di trit tim in asesmεnt.
Wetin na di tin we kin mɔna pipul dɛn we dɛn de fiks na do?
Pin-sayt iritashɔn ɔ infɛkshɔn na tin we pipul dɛn kin wɔri bɔt. Di sik pipul dɛn nid fɔ gɛt instrɔkshɔn fɔ kia fɔ dɛn wan bay wan ɛn dɛn fɔ ripɔt di pen we de go ɔp, we de rɛd, swel, pus, fiva ɔ di freym we de lus kwik kwik wan.
Yu tink se we yu de fiks am na do, i sef pas we yu de fiks yu insay?
Nɔn pan dɛn tu we ya nɔ sef pas ɔlman. Ɛni wan pan dɛn gɛt difrɛn indikashɔn, bɛnifit ɛn risk. di aprכpriet chכys dipכnt pan di frakshכn, sכft tisu dεm, kכntaminεshכn, di sikman in kכndishכn εn rεkכnstrכktiv plan.
Mɛdikal ɛn Rigyuletɔri Rifrɛns dɛn
- Di Amɛrikan Akademi fɔ Ɔtpidik Sɔjɔn dɛn: Fraktrɔs (Brɔk Bɔn dɛn) ..
- US Food and Drug Administration: Rivyu in Gaydɛns fɔ Ɔtpidik Ɛksternal Fikseshɔn Divays dɛn.
- Royal Nashɔnal Ɔtpidik Ospital: Ɛksternal Fikseshɔn fɔ Bɔn Kɔrɛkshɔn ɛn Lɛng.
- Royal Nashɔnal Ɔtpidik Ospital: Pin-Sayt Keya Gayd.
