Ungayikhetha kanjani i-hip efanelekile yokufakelwa

I-hip prosthesis iyithuluzi lezokwelapha elingenakufinyeleleka eliqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: Isiqu sowesifazane, ikhanda lowesifazane kanye nenkomishi ye-acetabar. Lezi zingxenye ezintathu zithatha isikhundla sokuhlangana kwe-hip elimele, ukubuyisela ukuhamba nokunciphisa izinhlungu zesiguli.

01. Izingxenye ze-a I-Hip Prosthesis?

I-Hip Prosthesis iqukethe izinto ezintathu eziphambili:

Isiqu Sosizi

Ngemuva kokususa ikhanda lesiguli le-feonsion, umsele wesiguli wesiguli uyavuselelwa futhi kufakwa isiqu sabesifazane. Isiqu sowesifazane singase sihlelwe ngesibilisiwe noma sangezelwe (cindezela inqubo efanelekile) ngokuya ngeminyaka yesiguli, i-morphology, amathambo amathambo nemikhuba yodokotela.

Ikhanda lowesifazane

Ikhanda eliyindilinga elenziwe ngensimbi, i-polymer noma i-ceramic libekwe emaphethelweni aphezulu esiqu sowesifazane ukuze asuse esikhundleni sekhanda labesifazane elimele elicekile elisusiwe.

I-Acetabular prosthesis (noma inkomishi prosthesis)

I-cartilage elonakalisiwe evela phezulu kwe-acetshabulum, lapho kwakukhona khona ikhanda labesifazane lakudala, liyasuswa. Esikhundleni sayo kuyinto enhle kampopamule acetabular prostsesis. Izikulufo noma usimende zingasetshenziswa ukuyibamba endaweni. Ngaphakathi le ndebe kuyindlela yepulasitiki, ye-ceramic noma yensimbi ezothintana nekhanda le-prostetic femoral head.

02. Yini izinto eziphambili ezisetshenziselwa ama-hip prostheses?

Ama-Hip prostheses angahlukaniswa ngokuya ngezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukuzenza. Njengamanje, lezi zinto zokwakha zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu:

Izinsimbi

Izinsimbi ezithile, njengensimbi engenasici, i-cobalt-chromium alloy noma i-titanium zisetshenziselwa ukwenza iziqu zobufakazi.

Ama-polymers

I-Polyethylene, ipulasitiki enzima kakhulu kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuyinto evumayo futhi ehambisanayo ye-biocombo ehambisanayo eyangezwa ngamathambo ngeminyaka yo-1960 njengengxenye yezinhlaka ze-acetabal ezifakiwe. Namuhla, lokhu okuqukethwe kusasetshenziswa kwezinye iziguli, kepha okuphansi kulapho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kunengozi yokuthi i-prosthesis izoguga ngopulasitiki, ngakho-ke impilo ye-prosthesisis izofinyezwa. Kodwa-ke, le ngozi ingancishiswa njengoba ezinye iziguli zingagcina le prosthesis ibe yiminyaka efika eminyakeni engama-30 kanti abanye iminyaka embalwa kuphela.

Photo Photo: Procotyl ® l acetaberur Cup (imikhiqizo emincane yokuhlasela imikhiqizo ye-orthopedic: Iyahambisana nama-delta ceramic liners kanye ne-a- class kakhulu polyethylene linders)

Indawo yokuhamba phakathi kwekhanda labesifazane nendebe yowesifazane kudala lokho esikubiza ngokuthi umzuzu wokushayeleka. Yingxenye ebuthakathaka kakhulu ye-prosthesis, ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngokugqoka nokudabula. Kunama-pair amane okungenzeka:

-Coricic-Polyethylene

-Coricic-Ceramic

-Metal-polyethylene

-Metal-Metal

I-acer pair ngayinye inezinzuzo nobubi, futhi udokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo uzokhetha inhlanganisela efanelekile yokungqubuzana esekelwe kwimibandela eminingana, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yesiguli, umsebenzi wokuzikhandla, kanye nokucaciswa kwamathambo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-metal prostheses ngokuvamile awanconywa. Ezinye izinkampani ezikhiqiza izimila ezinjalo zanquma ukuyeka ukuzithengisa ngo-2010-2011, futhi ukuze kusizakale iziguli, zanquma ukukhumbula lezo zinkundla ezingasetshenziswanga. Inkinga isuka ekungqubukeni phakathi kwezinto ezahlukahlukene zokufakelwa, futhi lokhu kuxabana kungakhipha izinhlayiya ezincane zensimbi ezingena egazini. E-Hip Joint, lezi zinhlayiya ezincane zingadala ukusabela komzimba, okuholela ebuhlungwini nasezilweni zasendaweni.

03. Yiziphi izindlela eziphambili zokulungiswa kwama-hip prostheses?

Ama-prostheses angahlelwa ku-femur noma i-acetabulum ngokuhlinza usimende noma ukuvuselelwa kwamathambo wesibili (amasu asetshenzisiwe noma wokucindezela). Imvamisa, isiqu sowesifazane esinenkohliso sihlotshaniswa nendebe yowesifazane engafundile. Izici zale ndlela zichazwe ngezansi:

Isu lokuhlobisa i-centique liyasetshenziswa

i-bone usimende esetshenzisiwe yi- acrylic polymer . Iqinisa kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15 ngesikhathi senqubo bese isetha ngokushesha ngemuva kokulungiswa.

Kusetshenziswa amasu asetshenzisiwe noma afanelekile

Ama-prostheses angelusizo (izinduku zemizimba noma izinkomishi) azinza ngemuva kwamaviki ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi nambili ngenxa yento yokuvuselelwa kwamathambo. Ukugqugquzela ukuvuselelwa kwamathambo, ingaphezulu le-prosthesis livame ukuhlanganiswa ngesendlalelo esincanyana se-hydroxyapatite, ingxenye yamaminerali yethambo. I-Bone eseduze ibona i-hydroxyapatite njengenye yezinto zayo bese ikhula ngokushesha engxenyeni ye-bony ye-prosthesis. I-Hydroxyapatite ingenziwa ngamakhemikhali.

04. Kugcina isikhathi esingakanani i-hip prosthesis?

Impilo yenkonzo ye-prostheses inyukile eminyakeni yamuva: ezigulini ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-50, ingxenye yeziguli ezisebenza ezisebenza ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi yokusebenzisa cishe i-99%.

Izibalo ezifanayo zingabonakala kweziguli ezindala nalokho-ke. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzwa kwe-HIP Eplatment kungenziwa ezigulini zeminyaka yonke.

Impilo yenkonzo ye-prosthesis incike kakhulu kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:

-Iminyaka yesiguli, inkomba yesisindo somzimba kanye nezinga lomsebenzi

-Ububanzi bekhanda le-prostetic

-Uhlobo lomzuzu wokushayisana

Endabeni yokugcina, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isikhathi eside se-prosthesis sincike kakhulu ekubukeni kwe-prosthesis. Lapho zombili izinhloko zabesifazane nendebe ye-prosthetic zenziwe ngensimbi noma i-ceramic, izinzuzo eziphambili ziyizinga lokugqoka eliphansi kakhulu kanye nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa inhloko yabesifazane ebanzi, kunciphisa ingozi yokungenisa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunengozi yokuhlakazwa kwemfucumfucu ezicubu ezizungeze i-prosthesis lapho ama-metal-to-ceramic prostheses abhangqiwe. Yize ama-peramic-ceramic prostheses aqhekeka ngaphansi kwezimo zensimbi yensimbi futhi amelana kakhulu nokuguguleka kwensimbi kunamabhangqa anensimbi, kufanele asetshenziswe ngokuqapha.

05. Yiziphi izingozi ezihambisana nezinhlamvu ze-HIP?

Ngaphezu kwezingozi ezingokwemvelo kunoma yikuphi ukungenelela okuhlinzayo (izingozi ze-anesthesia, izifo ezitholakele esibhedlela), izinkinga zingenzeka:

Ingozi yokususwa

Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu ezigulini nasebungwini kuyehluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuphezulu kakhulu ezinyangeni zokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa futhi kuncipha ngemuva konyaka wokuqala. Iphinde yanda kancane futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kunezici eziningana ezingaholela ekuhlelekeni, okungahlobene nesiguli, ukuhlinzwa kanye nezimpawu, noma ukulandela. Ingozi yokuphinda ikhuphuke kakhulu ngemuva kwesiqephu sokuqala sokungenisa.

Ingozi yokutheleleka

Noma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa ithwala ingozi yokutheleleka, futhi lapho kufakwa i-prosthesis, lokhu kukhuphuka kwengozi njengoba umzimba wakwelinye izwe ungena emzimbeni. Ngale ndlela, amasosha omzimba aphambukile futhi indawo yasendaweni ye-ImmunodeFiable iyadalwa. Amagciwane ajwayele ukungabi namathuba okusinda angakhula kulo mzimba wangaphandle. Le ngcupheko yokutheleleka ingahle ibe khona kubantu asebekhulile ngoba banokuvikela amandla okuvikela amandla. Ezinye izinto, njengokukhuluphala, okubonisa ukungenelela, noma isifo sikashukela, okwehlisa ukungavikezi, nokubhema, kungangezelela ubungozi bokutheleleka.

Ingozi yokusabela komzimba

Ezinye zezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswa ezinhlamsweni zinamandla okubangela ukusabela komzimba.

Ingozi yokuhlinzekwa kabusha kwesibuyekezo

Ukwehluleka, ukugqoka nokudabula, noma ukuqhekeka kwe-prosthesis kungadinga ukuhlinzwa kabusha.