Spinal infection hrang hrangte mizia tlangpui .

Spinal distitis hian bacteria, fungi, leh, a tlem berah chuan parasites avanga musculoskeletal infection zawng zawng zinga 2% atanga 7% vel a huam a ni. Spinal infection vei zawng zawng zinga a chanve vel chu lumbar spine-ah an awm a, thoracic spine-ah chuan hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat aia tam an awm a, a bak chu cervical spine-ah an awm bawk.

Purulent infection .

Purulent spinal distitis (PS) hi hematogenously disseminated infection avanga lo awm a ni tlangpui a, Staphylococcus aureus hi natna hrik tam ber a ni a, a tam zawk chu lumbar spine a ni a, X-ray te hi natna bul tan tirh lamah specificity leh sensitivity nei lo an ni. Enhanced MRI hi spinal infection hmuhchhuah hmasakna atana hmanraw thlan chhuah a ni a; MRI hian bone marrow edema leh vertebral body, intervertebral discs, epidural space, leh/ emaw a chhehvel soft tissue te chu vertebral endplates bulah a awm ber emaw, abscess siam loh emaw a awm chuan a tichak tih a entir a ni.

Note: (a) Lateral lumbar spine radiograph-a L4 -L3 disc san zawng hloh leh L4 (arrow) chunglam endplate tihchhiatna. 

(b) L3-ah posterior slip na lo tak. L3 - L4 disc tihchhiatna chu a kianga endplates (arrows)-ah erosive takin a inthlak a ni. 

(C) Magnetic Resonance (MR) Hmanlai vertebral endplates leh a kianga vertebral bone marrow (arrow) signal dik lo a inthlak danglam dan entir. Prevertebral soft tissue te hi a edematous hle a, inflammatory change an nei bawk. 

(D) Sagittal T1 hnuah intravenous contrast injection hnuah ruhro (asterisk)-ah signal tihchak a ni a, epidural space-ah signal tihchak a ni a, prevertebral soft tissue a awm bawk. Central canal (arrow) indentation chu chhinchhiah rawh.

Spinal tuberculosis .

GRAM-positive mycobacterium tuberculosis avanga non-purulent granulomatous spinal infection awm tam ber, PS leh PS danglamna siamtu imaging features te chu a hnuaia table-ah hian tuberculosis a ni.

Radiograph hnuhnung berah chuan ruh a tichhia a, disc san zawng a tlahniam a, soft tissue abscesses te chu a chhehvel soft tissue calcification nei leh nei lovin a awm bawk.

MRI-ah chuan T1 low-signal intensity leh high-signal intensity-a fluid-sensitive sequences-te hian anterior vertebral body a huam a, subligamentous pathway kaltlangin vertebrae dang panna kawng a zawh thei a, a tlangpuiin disc-ah tel lovin a inzar pharh thei a ni.

Notes: Mipa kum 65 mi, (a) axial leh (b) lumbar abscesses (asterisks) nei, septal leh wall enhancement (arrow dum) nei.l3 to S1 vertebral body enhancement. collapsed intervertebral disc a ni a, a tichak lo hle. Dural sac compression (arrow dum) a ni. (c) L3 chu S1 vertebral taksa tihchhiatna atanga CT siam thar lehna thlalak.

Brucella natna hrik kai theih a ni.

Brucellosis hi khawvel puma endemic zoonosis a ni a, gram-negative bacillus avanga lo awm a ni. Lumbar spine, a bik takin L4 a huam fo thin.

Natna hi intervertebral disc vertebral body hmalam atanga tan a ni a, ruh te te a tichhia thei bawk. Paravertebral abscesses hi a awm tlem zawk a, TS aiin a lian lo zawk. Vertebral anatomy chu a awm reng a ni.

Note: Brucella lumborum infection, radiographs-ah chuan lumbar vertebrae sclerosis, lumbar vertebrae forward slippage, vertebral body hmalam margin-a step-like destruction mumal lo, leh vertebral body hmalam margin-a bony cribriforms siam a ni.

fungal natna hrik kai theih a ni.

Fungal spinal infections (FS) hi a tlem hle a, immunosuppressed patient-ah pawh hmuh tam ber a ni. Fungi tam tak an tel thei a, chung zingah chuan Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Bacillus, leh Coccidioides te pawh an tel. Thoracic spine hi a awmna hmun tam ber a ni a, TS nen a inang ber a, hrik kai theihna chu vertebrae hmalam atanga tan a ni a, a chang chuan nonadjacent vertebrae thlengin a darh thei bawk.

Note: CT Scan Coccidioidomycosis vei damlo pakhat sagittal image. Limited bony lesions sclerotic margin nei lo chu he natna hrik hi presentation-ah hian a awm tlangpui a ni. T1 nasa taka tihchhiat chuan vertebral collapse a thlen a ni. Bony lesion nasa tak awm mahse, C7-T1 intervertebral space chu vawnhim a ni a, chu chu damlo pakhata coccidioidomycosis (right panel) sagittal MRT2WI-a characteristic change chuan C7-T1 intervertebral space month preservation a nemnghet a, C6-C7 discs-a involvement hmasa ber tur T2 signal nasa tak a awm tih a chiang hle. Bony lesion chu vertebral body-ah subcortical bone anterior-ah a inzar pharh a, chu chuan anterior soft tissue infection IV a thlen a ni. Infectious changes chu level hrang hrangah a darh a, awlsam takin subligamentous type thehdarh dan tur a hriat theih a, chu chuan nonadjacent level-ah pawh multiple lesions a thlen thei a ni.

Ankylosing spondylitis .

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) hi chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease a ni a, a bul berah chuan ruhro a nghawng a, ruhro atanga natna khirh tak a thlen thei a ni.

AS vei damlote harsatna dang chu limited disc disease lo awm a ni a, imaging-ah chuan AL hi inflammatory spondylitis aangin focal defects hmangin a kianga vertebrae pakhat emaw pahnih emaw a awm a, disc space a ti tawi a, osteolytic defects vel a reactive sclerosis awmna hmun a awm bawk.

Note: Ankylosing spondylitis vei, kum 44 mi, mipa kum 44 mi, a hnungzang hnuai lam natna nei leh range of motion tlemte nei. Sagittal CT of (A) thoracic leh (B) lumbar spine ruh window-ah chuan anterior longitudinal ligament (arrows) zawh zawngin diffuse ligamentous syndesmosis a awm a. Lumbar interspinous ligaments (arrows tarlan) te ossification leh fusion a awm bawk. (c) Lumbar spine level-a coronal image-ah hian posterior elements leh articular synovial joint (arrows) te fusion a awm a.

Osteomyelitis natna hi a vei a ni.

Acronym sapho tih hian musculoskeletal leh cutaneous manifestations (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, osteomalacia, leh osteomyelitis) te inzawmkhawm a kawk a, chu chu anterior thoracic wall (sternoclavicular joint, costothocic joint, leh sternoattabill joints te pawh a ni thei) a ni. Spine.X-ray radiograph-a a lan chhuah tam ber chu vertebral body osteolysis with or without collapse a ni a, chubakah osteomalacia leh paraspinal ossification a ni bawk.Mri hi sensitive ber MRI hi imaging modality sensitive ber a ni a, a lan chhuahna ber chu fluid-sensitive sequences-a vertebrals inthlak danglamna zau tak emaw, focal vertebral emaw a ni a, chu chu cortical eroer at the irorosion and redoraleraleraleraleraleraleraleraleralralraler at iroraler at iroraler at iroraler at iroral kan irodalities with corticaleralities at Intervertebral disc emaw anterior endplate emaw, leh soft tissue edema te hi a ni.

Note: Mipa kum 62 mi, Sapho syndrome vei. (a) Sagittal T2-weighted leh (b) computed tomography (CT) images-ah chuan anterior longitudinal ligament (black arrows) ossification-ah chuan disc emaw paravertebral fluid emaw a danglamna lian tham a awm lo. L1 hi compression hlui fracture hnuah pawh a awmna hmun a sang hle. (C) Axial CT hian akkylosis a lantir a, chu chu costovertebral joint (asterisk) dik tak a ni. (D) Oblique coronal CT siam thar lehna chuan bilateral thoracic ribcage clavicle ankylosis (black asterisks) a tarlang. (e) Bone scan-ah hian a natna vei pahnih (white asterisks)-ah radiotracer lakluh a ni.

Dialysis nena inzawm spondyloarthropathy .

Dialysis nena inzawm spondyloarthropathy (DRS) hi hun rei tak chhunga hemodialysis hmanga damlote zingah pathologic change a ni. Cervical spine-ah a tam ber a, a tlangpuiin intervertebral space a tihtlem te, a tawp chin tihchhiat te, sclerosis tlakchham te, ruh siam thar te, paraspinal infection/abscesses te, leh space tihchak te a ni.

NOTE: Lumbar leh Sacral Pelvis te hi an ruh (osteoporosis) nasa hle. Lumbar 5 vertebrae-a anterosuperior margin tihchhiatna chu sclerotic hyperplasia of the margin (arrow sen hmanga tarlan a ni). A kianga awm scarring hyperplasia. Left sacroiliac joint tihchhiatna leh ilium lateral articular surface tihchhiatna, chhunglam chhunga ruh thi tam tak, leh localized scar-like tissue hyperplasia (blue arrows hmanga tarlan) te tihchhiat a ni.

Note: Enhanced MR: Lumbar 4/5 disc bulge with vertebral rim osteophytes, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, spinal canal a nalh deuh, leh dural sac hmalam edge compression te a awm bawk. Lumbar 5 vertebral body hi a tlem berah a concave a, strips of long T1 leh T2 WI compression fat high signal anga ngaih theih a ni a, enhancement hnuah enhancement hmuh a ni bawk. Lumbar 5 leh sacral 1 endplate hnuaiah leh sacroiliac joint hnuaiah abnormal signal patch tam tak hmuh tur a awm a, T1WI-ah signal a hniam a, T2WI-ah signal a sang deuh a, enhancement scan (red arrows)-ah enhancement hmuh a ni. Sacral vertebrae hmalam margin-ah soft tissue thickening hmuh a ni a, enhanced scan (blue arrow)-ah enhancement hmuh a ni. Pelvis sir lehlama ilium, hip, sacrum leh femoral head-a ruh signal-te chuan thil danglam bik a lantir lo va, a chhung leh pawn lam pelvic muscle-te signal chu a pangngai a, a taksa ruh a gap chiang a, a ruh a ti na lo bawk a, a zau leh a zim lo tih chhinchhiahna a awm lo.

Spinal gout 1000 a ni.

Spinal gout hi a ruh chhungah hian monocrystalline urate crystals (MUCs) a awm a, chu chu a awm a, a hnah hi a hring a, a hnah hi a hring a, a hnah hi a hring a, a hnah hi a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring a, a hring lo. Spinal gout hian lumbar spine a nghawng ber a ni. Radiographs hian nonspecific manifestations a lantir a, CT hian ruh erosion chu sclerotic margin hmangin a characterize tha zawk. MRI manifestations hi nonspecific a ni.

Note: CT plain scan-ah hian joint space a tawi a, bilateral articular surface destruction a awm bawk. Arthrocentesis hi a diagnosis tihchian a ngai a ni.

Neurospondylitis 1000 a ni.

Neurogenic spondylitis (NS), a chhiatna thlen thei arthropathy chu sensation leh proprioception hloh hnuah a awm thin. A chhan tam ber chu traumatic spinal cord injury a ni a, hei hian case 70% a huam a ni. A chhan dangte chu zunthlum, spinal cord cavernous disease, leh neurologic disorder dang, peroneal muscular dystrophy leh guillain-barré syndrome te an ni. Thoracolumbar leh lumbosacral junctions te hian weight-bearing an neih avangin an inrawlh tam ber a ni.

NS-a lan chhuahna tlangpui chu ruh fragment, intervertebral joint irregularities leh inmil lohna te chu vertebral body slippage, multiple endplates leh small joint erosions bakah sclerosis-a ruh density humhalh te, leh soft tissue mass te pawh a ni.

Note: Mipa kum 58 mi, neuropathic spine nei. (a) Sagittal leh (B) coronal computed tomographic reconstructions-ah hian ruh fragment hmanga lumbar vertebral endplate leh articular synovial joint erosions (arrows) tam tak a awm a. L2-L3 intervertebral disc unit tihchhiatna leh intervertebral space zau zawk (asterisk) te tihchhiat a ni. (c) Sagittal leh (d) axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance sequences te chuan L2-L3 intervertebral space a zau zel tih a nemnghet. L2-L3-L4 atanga a hnung lama spinal cord a nghawng dan inthlak danglamna nasa tak. Soft tissue posterior leh anterior ah te pawh spinous process (asterisks) ah effusion a awm bawk.