Distal Radius Fractures: Diagnosis, Classification and Treatment

Clinical overview · Hloov kho kev qhia ntawv

Distal radius tawg yog ib qho tawg nyob ze ntawm dab teg kawg ntawm lub vojvoog. Kev kho mob tej zaum yuav txawv los ntawm ib tug splint los yog cam khwb cia rau percutaneous pins, sab nrauv fixation, los yog phaj fixation. Txoj kev npaj tsim nyog yog nyob ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm pob txha thiab kev ruaj ntseg, kev sib koom ua ke, cov ntaub so ntswg mos, pob txha zoo, hnub nyoog, kev xav tau, thiab cov neeg mob nyiam.

Kev kuaj mob Kev kuaj mob thiab lub dab teg radiographs tsim cov qauv pob txha, kev txav chaw, thiab kev koom tes ua ke.

Kev Kho Mob Cov pob txha ruaj khov tuaj yeem kho yam tsis muaj kev phais; Cov pob txha tsis ruaj khov lossis tsis zoo sib xws yuav xav tau kev kho.

Qhov tshwm sim Hnub nyoog ib leeg tsis txiav txim siab kho. Kev xav tau kev ua haujlwm, kev coj tus cwj pwm tawg, thiab kev txiav txim siab sib koom yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Dab tsi yog Distal Radius Fracture?

Lub vojvoog distal tsim lub ntsiab load-bearing nto ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo ntawm dab teg. Ib qho pob txha feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob peb centimeters ntawm lub radiocarpal sib koom thiab tej zaum yuav ntxiv-articular, txuas mus rau hauv kev sib koom tes, los yog koom nrog lub distal radioulnar sib koom. Lub ulnar styloid thiab txhawb ligaments kuj raug mob.

Kev poob rau ntawm txhais tes tawm yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke. Kev poob qis zog yog qhov tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus uas muaj cov pob txha muaj zog, thaum cov kev raug mob kis las, kev sib tsoo ntawm txoj kev, thiab kev ntog los ntawm qhov siab yuav ua rau muaj zog ntau dua rau cov neeg mob hluas.

Distal radius fracture overview qhia lub dab teg lub cev thiab cov qauv pob txha — Distal radius fractures txawv nyob rau hauv kev coj, comminution, displacement, thiab kev koom tes ntawm lub dab teg.

Yog vim li cas anatomy tseem ceeb

Lub distal vojvoog muaj ib tug dav articular nto thiab txhawb lub scaphoid thiab lunate. Cov qauv nyob ze muaj xws li cov paj hlwb nruab nrab, flexor thiab extensor tendons, cov hlab ntsha radial, qhov sib koom ntawm cov xov tooj cua distal, thiab cov duab peb sab fibrocartilage complex. Txhim kho kev sib raug zoo tseem ceeb thaum tiv thaiv cov qauv no yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob.

Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob uas xav tau kev ntsuam xyuas sai

Cov tsos mob xws li mob dab teg tam sim ntawd, o, bruising, rhiab, txo qis zog, thiab nyuaj tuav. Ib qho tawg tawg tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev deformity. Tus kws kho mob tseem kuaj xyuas cov tawv nqaij, ntiv tes ncig, hnov qab, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg, thiab kev raug mob cuam tshuam.

Nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai rau qhov mob qhib, pob txha pom ntawm daim tawv nqaij, daj ntseg lossis txias tes, ua rau mob loog, tsis muaj peev xwm txav tau cov ntiv tes, o sai sai, lossis mob hnyav uas tswj tsis tau. Cov kev tshawb pom no tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj pob txha qhib, kev cuam tshuam ntawm neurovascular, lossis txaus ntshai siab hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.

Kev Ntsuam Xyuas thiab Kev Ntsuas Radiographic

Standard posteroanterior thiab lateral dab teg radiographs yog siv los txheeb xyuas qhov tawg thiab soj ntsuam kev hloov chaw. Oblique views yuav pab tau nyob rau hauv cov rooj plaub xaiv. Kev suav tomography tuaj yeem muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv thaum qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog qhov nyuaj lossis thaum kev npaj ua haujlwm xav tau kom meej meej meej ntawm cov khoom tawg.

Posteroanterior dab teg radiograph ntsuas nyob rau hauv ib tug distal radius tawg — Ntawm PA pom, cov kws kho mob ntsuas qhov siab radial, radial inclination, ulnar variance, thiab articular congruity.

Lateral dab teg xov tooj cua qhia txog lub suab thiab dorsal qaij ntsuas — Ntawm qhov pom sab nraud, volar lossis dorsal qaij thiab carpal alignment raug soj ntsuam.

Radiographic feature	Nws piav qhia	vim li cas nws tseem ceeb
Radial qhov siab	Qhov ntev ntawm qhov distal radius txheeb ze rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke.	Kev poob ntawm qhov siab tuaj yeem hloov pauv kev thauj mus los thiab ulnar variance.
Radial inclination	Txoj kab nqes ntawm qhov distal radial articular nto ntawm PA pom.	Txo inclination tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam lub cev qhuav dej los yog lateral displacement.
Volar / dorsal qaij	Lub sagittal orientation ntawm articular nto ntawm lub lateral saib.	Ntau dhau dorsal lossis volar qaij tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub dab teg.
Articular step-off los yog qhov sib txawv	Poob ntawm kev sib tw du ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke.	Pab txhais cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov kab mob sib kis thiab cov hom phiaj kho mob.
Ulnar variance	Qhov txheeb ze ntev ntawm lub distal ulna thiab lub vojvoog.	Tej zaum yuav hloov thaum lub vojvoog luv luv thiab cuam tshuam ulnocarpal loading.

Yuav ua li cas Distal Radius Fractures raug cais

Cov ntsiab lus piav qhia xws li Colles , Smith , thiab Barton fractures sib txuas lus cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv, tab sis lawv tsis ntes txhua qhov raug mob. Kev ntsuam xyuas niaj hnub no tseem sau tseg seb qhov tawg yog qhib los yog kaw, ntxiv-articular lossis intra-articular, hloov chaw lossis tsis nyob, ruaj khov lossis tsis ruaj khov, thiab yooj yim lossis comminuted.

Fernandez faib los ntawm mechanism

Fernandez system pab pawg pob txha raws li kev raug mob tseem ceeb. Nws tuaj yeem pab cov kws kho mob xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov nqaij mos raug mob thiab kho lub tswv yim, tab sis kev kho mob tsis yog xaiv los ntawm kev faib tawm ib leeg.

Fernandez type I distal radius bending fracture illustration — **Hom I:** khoov pob txha, feem ntau nrog metaphyseal cortical tsis ua haujlwm.

Fernandez type II distal radius shearing fracture illustration — **Hom II:** shearing raug mob, nrog rau cov pob txha pob txha-dislocations.

Fernandez type III distal radius compression fracture illustration — **Hom III:** compression raug mob nrog articular impaction.

Fernandez type IV distal radius avulsion fracture illustration — **Hom IV:** avulsion raug mob nrog ligament txuas.

Fernandez hom V ua ke lub vojvoog pob txha tawg — **Hom V:** ua ke nrog kev raug mob siab zog nrog ntau lub tshuab.

Kev Kho Mob Li Cas Xaiv

Lub hom phiaj tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom X-ray zoo li qub. Kev kho mob nrhiav kom xis nyob, ruaj khov, ua haujlwm lub dab teg thaum ntsuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog, phais, immobilization, txhav, thiab kev txo qis. Kev txiav txim siab sib koom yuav tsum xav txog:

tawg tawg, kev sib txuas, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab kev ruaj ntseg tom qab txo qis;
qhib kev raug mob, cov tsos mob ntawm paj hlwb, ncig, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg mos;
cov neeg mob hnub nyoog raws li tus neeg sawv cev-tsis yog qhov hloov pauv-rau lub cev lub cev thiab kev xav tau;
pob txha zoo, lwm yam kev raug mob, kev kho mob, kev ua hauj lwm, thiab tes dominance;
muaj peev xwm mus koom kev taug qab thiab koom nrog kev kho mob;
tus neeg mob lub hom phiaj thiab ua siab ntev rau cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm txhua qhov kev xaiv.

Cov ntsiab lus qhia: AAOS / ASSH kev taw qhia txhawb nqa kev txhim kho hauv ntau cov neeg mob uas tsis yog geriatric thaum, tom qab txo qis, radial shortening tshaj 3 hli, dorsal qaij tshaj 10 °, los yog intra-articular displacement / step-off tshaj 2 hli. Rau cov neeg mob geriatric-feem ntau sawv cev hauv cov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm hnub nyoog 65 lossis laus dua-kev phais feem ntau tsis txhim kho cov neeg mob mus ntev-kev tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig piv nrog kev saib xyuas tsis yog phais. Cov theem pib no qhia, tab sis tsis hloov, kev txiav txim kho mob tus kheej.

Kev kho mob uas tsis yog phais

Ib qho uas tsis yog qhov chaw nyob los yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov pob txha ruaj khov tuaj yeem raug tswj xyuas nrog ib qho splint lossis cam khwb cia. Ib qho tawg tawg tuaj yeem ua ntej raug kaw, thiab tom qab ntawd immobilization. Kev soj ntsuam tom qab thiab cov duab hluav taws xob tau teem caij raws li tus cwj pwm tawg thiab tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab vim tias qee qhov pob txha tuaj yeem poob kev sib raug zoo raws li qhov o txo.

Kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug: ib qho splint tso cai rau qhov chaw o thaum ntxov; Qhov siab thiab ntiv tes txav tuaj yeem raug qhia.
Kev txo qis thaum xav tau: cov pob txha raug kho dua tshiab siv cov tshuaj loog lossis tshuaj loog.
Immobilization thiab tshuaj xyuas: cam khwb cia haum, kev ncig, kev xav, thiab kev sib dhos yog rov ntsuas dua.
Rehabilitation: dab teg thiab forearm motion yog qhia thaum kho thiab stability cia.

Nonsurgical immobilization rau ib tug distal radius puas — Immobilization tuaj yeem tsim nyog thaum kev sib raug zoo tau txais thiab qhov tawg ntawm qhov ruaj khov.

Thaum twg Kev phais yuav raug txiav txim siab?

Kev phais yuav raug tham txog thaum qhov kev sib raug zoo tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav lossis khaws cia, qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov chaw txav tau zoo, qhov tawg tau qhib, lub carpus tsis ruaj khov, lossis cov qauv raug mob tsis zoo li nyob ruaj khov hauv lub cam khwb cia. Kev ua haujlwm thiab cog qoob loo raug xaiv rau cov qauv ntu tshwj xeeb thiab tus neeg mob - tsis yog rau daim ntawv kuaj mob nkaus xwb.

Kev xaiv phais rau Distal Radius Fractures

Txoj Kev	Siv Lub luag haujlwm tseem	ceeb Cov kev txwv lossis kev pheej hmoo
Percutaneous K-xaim fixation	Xaiv cov pob txha tawg uas tuaj yeem ruaj khov nrog cov pins thiab ntxiv immobilization.	Pin-tract infection, xaim tsiv teb tsaws, poob ntawm kev txo qis, thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas tus pin.
Sab nrauv fixation	Xaiv tsis ruaj khov, qhib, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab heev, lossis kev raug mob ntawm cov nqaij mos; tej zaum yuav yog ib ntus lossis qhov tseeb.	Pin-tract teeb meem, txhav, paj / leeg irritation, thiab poob ntawm kev sib raug zoo.
Volar xauv phaj	Ntau yam tsis ruaj tsis khov ntxiv-articular thiab intra-articular qauv yuav tsum tau txo ncaj qha thiab kev txhawb nqa lub kaum sab xis.	Flexor tendon irritation lossis rupture, cov tsos mob ntawm paj hlwb, ntsia hlau nkag, kis kab mob, thiab cov tsos mob ntawm kho vajtse.
Dorsal phaj	Xaiv dorsal rim los yog dorsal shear fragments tsis txaus tswj los ntawm volar sab.	Extensor tendon irritation thiab hardware prominence.
Dorsal choj phaj	Kev puas tsuaj loj heev uas lub phaj hla lub dab teg thiab siv ligamentotaxis.	Kev txwv lub dab teg ib ntus thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov phaj tom qab.
Fragment tshwj xeeb fixation	Cov qauv tsis yooj yim uas ib tus neeg articular txhua kab lossis ntu ntu xav tau kev txhawb nqa.	Kev cog qoob loo ntau dua thiab cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij mos complexity.

AAOS / ASSH cov pov thawj qhia tias tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim ntev ntev ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem kho kom tsis ruaj khov lossis ua tiav cov pob txha tawg, txawm hais tias volar locking daim hlau tuaj yeem muab kev ua haujlwm ua ntej hauv thawj peb lub hlis. Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem zaum kawg yog nyob ntawm pob txha thiab cov kws phais mob.

Percutaneous pin fixation

Tom qab kaw lossis txwv-qhib txo qis, Kirschner cov xov hlau zoo tuaj yeem tuav cov khoom tawg. Fluoroscopy lees paub qhov txo qis thiab xaim txoj haujlwm. Pins tej zaum yuav raug tso tawm sab nraum daim tawv nqaij los yog faus, nyob ntawm tus txheej txheem, thiab lub dab teg feem ntau tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib tug splint los yog cam khwb cia.

Percutaneous Kirschner hlau fixation ntawm ib tug distal radius puas — Percutaneous xov hlau tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov txo qis hauv cov qauv pob txha xaiv.

Sab nrauv fixation

Ib lub fixator sab nraud siv cov pins tso rau sab nraum qhov tawg tsam thiab txuas nrog rau sab nraud. Lub dab teg-spanning tsim tuaj yeem tswj qhov ntev thiab kev sib haum xeeb los ntawm ligamentotaxis. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov xov hlau, cov phiaj me me, lossis cov pob txha pob txha hauv cov kev raug mob nyuaj. Saib ib qho piv txwv ntawm a dab teg sab nraud fixator thiab ib tug txheej txheem cej luam ntawm orthopedic sab nraud fixation systems.

Lub dab teg-spanning sab nraud fixation rau distal radius tawg — Ib tug spanning thav duab tuaj yeem kho qhov ntev thiab txhawb nqa kev sib tw.

Radiograph ntawm sab nraud fixation stabilizing ib tug distal radius puas — Kev soj ntsuam radiographic soj ntsuam kev puas tsuaj thiab pin txoj hauj lwm.

Dorsal phaj fixation

Ib txoj hauv kev dorsal muab kev nkag mus rau kev xaiv dorsal articular fragments thiab shear qauv. Niaj hnub nimno tsis tshua muaj kev cog qoob loo txo cov khoom loj, tab sis cov extensor tendons tseem nyob ze rau ntawm cov khoom siv thiab yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv. Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog cov ntsiab lus kho dorsal es tsis yog ib qho kev phais universal.

Dorsal mus kom ze anatomy rau distal radius phaj fixation — Dorsal raug yuav tsum tau ceev faj tswj ntawm extensor compartments.

Dorsal phaj muab tso rau ntawm ib tug distal radius puas — Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhawb nqa dorsal tuaj yeem tswj cov kab dorsal rim fragments.

Radiograph tom qab dorsal phaj fixation ntawm distal radius tawg — Qhov kawg imaging checks txo, phaj txoj hauj lwm, thiab ntsia hlau ntev.

Volar xauv phaj fixation

Volar plating yog dav siv vim nws tuaj yeem txhawb cov pob txha subchondral los ntawm sab palmar thaum tsis txhob tso ncaj qha rau hauv qab lub extensor tendons. Lub flexor carpi radialis lub caij nyoog yog ib txoj hauv kev. Phaj txoj hauj lwm, kev kho dua ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke, qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntsia hlau distal, thiab flexor tendon clearance yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas.

XC Medico piv txwv suav nrog a 7-qhov distal radius xauv phaj , a 6-qhov distal radius xauv phaj , thiab a DVR distal radius xauv phaj . Cov khoom txuas no yog rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm; implant xaiv tseem yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kws kho mob uas tau kawm.

Volar phaj fixation rooj plaub rau ib tug distal radius puas — Piv txwv li: volar phaj fixation ntawm ib qho tsis ruaj khov puas.

Postoperative PA radiograph ntawm volar distal radius phaj fixation — PA daim duab kuaj xyuas radial kev sib dhos thiab distal ntsia hlau faib.

Postoperative lateral radiograph ntawm volar distal radius phaj fixation — Lateral imaging ntsuam xyuas qaij, txo, thiab cog txoj hauj lwm.

Complex distal radius tawg ua ntej volar phaj fixation — Complex articular puas ua ntej qhov tseeb fixation.

Volar locking phaj tsim rau ib qho intra-articular distal radius tawg — Tsau-lub kaum sab xis txhawb nqa tuaj yeem ua kom ruaj khov ntau qhov tawg.

Radiographic tshwm sim tom qab volar phaj fixation ntawm distal radius tawg — Postoperative saib cov ntaub ntawv sib koom ua ke thiab kho vajtse txoj haujlwm.

Dorsal choj (kev cuam tshuam) plating

Ib lub phaj txuas txuas los ntawm lub vojvoog mus rau ib qho metacarpal thiab ua haujlwm raws li kev cuam tshuam sab hauv. Tej zaum nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kev raug mob uas raug mob hnyav heev uas tsis tuaj yeem txhawb kev ntseeg siab los ntawm cov pa roj distal. Vim tias nws hla lub dab teg ib ntus, txoj kev npaj thib ob feem ntau xav tau los tshem cov phaj tom qab kho.

Dorsal choj phaj spanning ib comminuted distal radius tawg — Ib tug choj phaj spans lub dab teg kom tuav ntev thiab sib dhos thaum lub pob txha kho.

Fragment tshwj xeeb fixation

Complex articular fractures tej zaum yuav muaj radial styloid, volar rim, dorsal rim, thiab cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab fragments. Fragment-specific systems siv cov implants me me nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau tswj ncaj qha. Lawv tuaj yeem siv ib leeg lossis nrog lwm txoj kev kho.

Fragment-specific fixation system rau distal radius tawg — Kev cog me me tuaj yeem tsom rau ib tus neeg cov kab ke los yog cov ntu ntu.

Radiograph ntawm fragment-specific distal radius fracture fixation — Ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm fixation tuaj yeem hais txog cov qauv tawg yooj yim.

Rov qab, rov kho dua, thiab muaj teeb meem tshwm sim

Kev txav ntiv tes feem ntau tau txhawb nqa thaum ntxov yog tias raug mob thiab tso cai kho mob. Lub dab teg thiab forearm ce pib raws li kev ruaj ntseg, qhov txhab mob, thiab kho radiographic. Lub zog, dexterity, thiab endurance rov qab qeeb dua li qhov yooj yim zog, thiab qee qhov o los yog txhav tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlis. Kev kho kom rov zoo tuaj yeem nyob hauv tsev lossis saib xyuas nyob ntawm tus neeg mob xav tau thiab kev coj ua hauv zos.

Cov teeb meem tshwm sim muaj xws li poob ntawm kev txo qis, malunion, nonunion, txhav, mob caj dab tom qab mob caj dab, cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab, cov mob hauv cheeb tsam nyuaj, cov leeg khaus lossis rupture, kab mob, teeb meem pin-tract, thiab cov tsos mob kho mob. Kev loog tshiab, ua rau mob, ua npaws, tso kua dej, lossis qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntiv tes taw qhia kev tshuaj xyuas.

Cov pob txha noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb: pob txha pob txha muaj zog tsawg hauv cov neeg laus tuaj yeem yog qhov ceeb toom ntawm kev mob pob txha. Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem nug lawv tus kws kho mob seb puas muaj kev ntsuam xyuas kev puas tsuaj ntawm pob txha, kev kuaj pob txha, kev tiv thaiv kev poob, kev ntsuam xyuas vitamin D, lossis lwm yam kev ntsuas pob txha noj qab haus huv yog qhov tsim nyog.

Cov lus nug nquag

Puas yog txhua qhov distal radius tawg puas yuav tsum tau phais?

Tsis yog. Qee cov pob txha tuaj yeem txo tau thiab nyob twj ywm zoo nyob rau hauv lub cam khwb cia. Kev ruaj ntseg, kev sib koom ua ke, hnub nyoog, kev xav tau, kev noj qab haus huv, thiab cov neeg mob nyiam txhua yam cuam tshuam rau kev txiav txim siab.

Ntev npaum li cas lub vojvoog distal puas yuav kho tau?

Kev kho pob txha thaum ntxov feem ntau txhim kho li ntawm rau lub lis piam, tab sis ncua sij hawm sib txawv. Kev txav chaw, lub zog, o, thiab kev ntseeg siab tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv rau ob peb lub hlis lossis ntev dua.

Puas yog volar phaj ib txwm yog qhov kev xaiv phais zoo tshaj plaws?

Tsis muaj ib qho kev cog lus zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua qhov tawg. Volar locking daim hlau yog ib txwm muaj thiab tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm luv luv, tab sis cov pins, sab nraud fixation, dorsal fixation, choj plating, los yog fragment-specific implants tej zaum yuav zoo dua rau cov qauv.

Yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm lub vojvoog distal tom qab?

Kev tshem tawm niaj hnub tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog. Kev tshem tawm tej zaum yuav raug txiav txim siab rau cov leeg nqaij khaus, qhov tseem ceeb lossis cov tsos mob kho mob, kis kab mob, lossis lwm yam kev kho mob. Ib tug choj phaj feem ntau yuav tsum tau npaj tshem tawm vim nws spans lub dab teg.

Thaum twg txhais tes siv tau zoo dua?

Kev siv kev nyab xeeb yog nyob ntawm kev ruaj khov ntawm pob txha, kev kho mob, kev kho hluav taws xob, qhov mob, thiab kev ua haujlwm. Lub teeb ua haujlwm txhua hnub feem ntau rov qab ua ntej quab yuam, nqa, tiv tauj cov kis las, lossis ua haujlwm hnyav. Ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov kev txwv.

Related XC Medico Resources

Cov kev pabcuam sab hauv hauv qab no muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev cog ntoo, cov cuab yeej siv, thiab lwm yam kev raug mob uas tau hais hauv phau ntawv qhia no.

Distal Radius Instrument Set Instrumentation and tray configuration for distal radius plate systems. 7-Qhov Distal Radius Xauv Phaj Khoom Qhov ntev, ntsia hlau sib raug zoo, thiab teeb tsa. 6-Qhov Distal Radius Xauv Phaj Hloov Kho Lub taub hau distal rau lub vojvoog ntawm lub voj voog. DVR Distal Radius Locking Phaj Distal volar radius phaj specifications thiab cov ntsiab lus system. Lub dab teg Sab Nraud Fixator Sab Nraud thav duab cov khoom tsim rau kev siv dab teg. Me Fragment Instrument Set Instrumentation for xaiv me-fragment trauma fixation. Trauma System Xauj daim hlau, cov ntsia hlau, cov twj paj nruag, thiab cov khoom kho sab nraud. Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Ntaub Ntawv hais txog kev tsim tshuaj xyuas thiab cov txheej txheem zoo.

References thiab Editorial Basis

Kev tsis lees paub txog kev kho mob: Cov kab lus no yog rau kev kawm dav dav thiab kev tshaj lij cov khoom siv-kev siv lub hom phiaj. Nws tsis muab kev kuaj mob, pom zoo ib qho kev cog lus tshwj xeeb, lossis hloov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev kho mob los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog. Cov cuab yeej muaj, qhia, thiab kev tswj xyuas yuav txawv ntawm lub tebchaws.