Uri hano: Urugo » Blog » Itandukaniro rifata

Ivi

Reba: 0 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi bwa Sings Gutanga Igihe: 2025-04-1 Inkomoko: Urubuga

01. IMBERE YUBUNTU

The Ihuriro ry'ivi rigizwe n'amagufwa 4: femur, Tibia, patella na fibula.

Igizwe nibice 3: Igice cya Tibiofemoral kibozamo, icyumba cya tibiomoral kuruhande, hamwe nigice cyipato, kandi ibice 3 bisangiye umwobo wa sinovial.

Ivi

02.Imiterere

Ubwoko: gutwara ibinyabiziga

Ivi ifite ingingo 3: ihuriro rya tibiofemral rihuza, ingingo ya tibiofemral kuruhande hamwe nipato.

Ibitekerezo bya tibiomorara bihuza femur ya kure kuri Tibia, hamwe na simune za kure zikurikirana imiyoboro yo hagati hamwe na femoral femoral. Tibia igororotse, ariko meniscUscus yahuje yahuje cyane no gushinga imiyoboro ya femoral.

Inkingi ya femoral itandukanijwe na intercondylar fossa, izwi kandi nka clomoral ikonje cyangwa talus yuzuye.

Ivi-1

Patella ni amagufwa yimbuto yashyizwemo muri Tendon yimitsi ya Quadrices kandi ikora hamwe hamwe na Crochanteric Groove.

Ikora kugirango yongere imbaraga zubukanishi ryimitsi ya kane. Umutwe wa fibula uherereye muri capsule ariko ntabwo isanzwe ikora nkibure hejuru. Inkingi ya femoral na tibial plateau ikora umurongo uhuriweho.

Ivi-2

03. Gushikama

Guhagarara ku mavi bibungabungwa nuburyo butandukanye bworoshye nabwo butanga uburinzi mu ngingo.

Tibia na Femur bitwikiriye ihungabana rya hyaline hyaline hyaline imbere yicyuho.

-Icyiciro cya Disiki gihwanye na Disctisci gitanga inyongera zinyongera kandi zigakwirakwiza imbaraga ku ivi ryose.

-Ibice byimbere (acl) hamwe ninyuma yinyuma ya ligament (PCL) Guhungabanya Imbere-inyuma kandi byoroshye-kwagura.

-Imikorere yo mu ingwate yo hagati hamwe na ingwate kuruhande rihungabanya ivi mu ndege zabo.

-Inzego zisebanya ivi ririmo bundle ya iLITORIAIAL nigice cyimbeba yinyuma yinyuma.

Ivi-3

04. Bursae n'inzego za cystic

Inzego nyinshi za kisistic zikunze kuboneka hirya no hino ivi, harimo tetson sheath csts hamwe na bornovial bursae. Tendon Sheath Cysts ni byiza bidasanzwe bitondekanye imyenda yuzuye ya fibrous ihuza kandi irimo ururenda.

Cyst Cyst (ni ukuvuga, Cyst ya Baker) ni Cyst ya Synonovial isanzwe mumubiri. Bikomoka kuri bursa hagati yumutwe wo hagati wimitsi ya gastrocnemius na madimemkwanosus. Popliteal cysts isanzwe asimptomatic ariko akenshi ifitanye isano no kuvuza-articular yivi.

Hano haribise bine bisanzwe imbere yivi. Suprapatellar Bursa ni proximal kuri capsule ya ivi kandi iri hagati ya reportis ya recto na femur, hamwe nimodoka yacyo hamwe nivi mubantu bakuru benshi. Birsatellar bursa ibinyoma gusa kuri patella. Infrapatellar Bursa ibinyoma bitarenze igice cya kure cya patellar mandon hamwe na tubeapatellar bursaplar buryamye hagati yikigereranyo cya patellar na tuberi yimbere. Birsa idasanzwe irashobora gukonja no gukandagira cyangwa ihahamuka, nko kwiyongera, mugihe imiyoboro yo kwagura ivi igoramye irashobora kunyuranya na fleelling ya infrupatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursapatellar bursa, nko kwiruka.

Umunyamuryango w'ivi yiganjemo inami ya Bursa, Semimembranosus, hamwe na Porogaramu ya Bursa. Ingagi Bursa iherereye hagati yimyanya ya tibial ya tibial ya tibial ya tibial ingwate hamwe nimitsi ya kure ya suture, imitsi yoroheje nigikorwa cya semitesinosus. Semimembranosus Bursa iri hagati ya domimembranosus hamwe na tibial Tricy, kandi Porogaramu nini ya Bursa ni Borsa nini mu ivi kandi iri hejuru ya patella no hejuru yimitsi ya quadriceps.

05 ingingo zifatika

Gusuzuma ivi rifatika, fata umurwayi afata umwanya wa prone kandi ahinduka cyane kumavi kugirango agatsinsino ari hafi yumutwe wa gliteal bishoboka; Inguni isanzwe yibihuru ni hafi 130 °.

Gusuzuma kwagura amavi bifata umurwayi gufata umwanya wo kwicara no kugwiza amavi. Kwagura ivi birenze ukuguru kugororoka cyangwa kutabogama (0 °) nibisanzwe kubarwayi bamwe ariko bitwaje hyperexPension. Kurenga ku buryo butarenze 3 ° -5 ° ni ikiganiro gisanzwe. HyperexTension ibirenze uru rwego rwitwa ivi kandi nigitekerezo kidasanzwe.

Ivi-4

Ikizamini cya HOMAS kizagerageza guhinduka kwa quadriceps na hip flexors.

Niba amasezerano ya hip ahagaragara ahari, ibibero bya tekinorora hejuru bigana ku gisenge aho guhiga cyangwa kumanuka hamwe nimbonerahamwe yo gusuzuma.

Inguni yo kumanikwa kumeza yikizamini yerekana urwego rwingeso za Hip Flexion.

Niba quadriceps igaragara, ukuguru kumwe kwa drape bizahanagura ameza yibizamini. Inguni yakozwe na terefone yo hepfo hamwe numurongo wubutaka ugaragaza urwego rwa quadriceps impagarara.

Ivi-5

06. Gusuzuma umutekano uhuha

Ivi-14

Ikizamini cyimbere - Ikizamini cyimyambarire yinyuma bikorwa numurwayi mumwanya wo gutangaza, ikibuno cyibasiwe cyahindutse kuri 45 °, ivi ryahindutse kugeza kuri 40 °, ivi ryahindutse kugeza kuri 90 °, n'amaguru mu kutabogama. Ushinzwe ibizamini afata tibia fibiya yumurwayi hamwe namaboko yombi mu gufata uruziga mu gihe ashyira igikumwe cyamaboko yombi kuri tuberote. Ingabo zisubira inyuma noneho zikoreshwa mubiti bya paraxima. Kwimura inyuma ya tibia ya cm irenze 0.5-1 no kwimurwa inyuma kurenza iyindi mizirize yerekana igice cyangwa amarira yuzuye ya posita yinyuma yinyuma.

Ivi-7

Quadriceps Ikizamini cyo kugabanuka kwimiterere - Guteranya ikirenge cyumurwayi (mubisanzwe wicaye ku kirenge) kandi ko umurwayi agerageza kunyerera mu mbonerahamwe ya tibia)

Ivi-8

Ikizamini cyo kuzunguruka hanze - Ikizamini cyo kuzunguruka hanze gikoreshwa mu kumenya imyanya yinyuma yinyuma no kuba hari ibikomere byingenzi byimiryango. Tibia izunguruka hanze kuri 30 ° na 90 ° yo guhindagurika. Ikizamini ni cyiza niba uruhande rwibasiwe ruzengurutse hanze kurenza 10 ° -15 ° kurenza uruhande rwiza. Ibyiza kuri 30 ° yo guhindagurika no gucika intege muri 90 ° itanga ibikomere byoroshye plc, kandi byiza muri 30 ° na 90 ° bya Flexion byerekana imvune nyinshi

07. Ligaments

Guhuza imyuka ya capsule

Patellar LigeLor, Ligual Pater LigeDide, ligamel pater

Intera

Imbere Nto Imbere, Isosiyete yinyuma

Ligaments idasanzwe

Ingwate yo hagati, Ingwate Yimbere, Popliteal Oblique Ligue, Ingwate Yibanze

Ivi-9

08. Ingendo zihuriweho

Imiterere ya Neurovascular

Bundle ya Neurovascular ikubiyemo imiyoboro ya popliteal, popliteal dineri, na tibial nervice (gukomeza imitsi ya sciatic) ingendo gusa kumwanya muto.

Imitsi isanzwe ya Peroneal ni ishami ryimitsi ya scatiatike.

Ivi-10

09. Imitsi ifitanye isano

Imbere kuruhande

Quadriceps igizwe na ferimoris ya rectus, medialis nini, vatus kuruhande, na ferimorislis yo hagati.

Uruhande rw'inyuma

Hamstrings

Harimo biceps femorsi, Semitendinosus na Semimembranosus;

Gastrocnemius.

Anteromedial

Tibialis Arterior.

Imitsi ikomeza gushikama kw'ivi, harimo na quadriceps, imitsi yo gusunika, hamstrings, imitsi yoroheje, biceps femorsi, semitendinosus.

Ivi-11

10. Isuzuma ryumubiri

1. Isuzuma rigaragara

Witegereze kugenda no guhuza ivi kuruhande rwibyatsi no kuruhande rwumurwayi, kandi witondere niba hari ibara ryibyimba, n'ibindi 3.

2. PALPATION

Reba ububabare nurubanza kubyimba, ubujyakuzimu na kamere, hamwe nuruhande rwibyibasiwe numurwayi muburyo bwisanzuye bushoboka.

3. Gukangurira

Reba kugenda kw'igivi gihuje ivi binyuze mubikorwa bikora kandi bya pasiporo yumurwayi.

4. Gupima

Gupima uburebure bwa buri gice cyigiciro kimwe nuburebure bwuzuye, umuzenguruko wingingo, imbaraga zingingo, imbaraga zumutsi, kandi gutaka.

5. Ikizamini kidasanzwe

- Ikizamini cya Patella kireremba: Reba niba hari effsion mu ivi ry'umurwayi.

Gusuzuma inzira

Nyuma yo kubyuka Porogaramu Massapatellar Bursa kwemerera amazi kwegeranya, niba hari amazi asohoka mu rutoki, kandi iyo umuvuduko urekurwa, kandi patella azarekurwa, kandi patella azarekurwa mu mpande zombi, kandi umuvuduko urekurwa, PATELLA azashyirwaho.

Ivi-12

- Ikizamini cyibikurura: kugirango urebe niba hari ibyangiritse kuri ligamen.

Ikizamini cya Imbere: Umurwayi aryamye ku buriri, ivi ya 9 °, ibirenge kuri metero 90 ku buriri, komeza uruhutse. Usuzuma Kurwanya ibirenge byumurwayi kugirango bikosorwe, amaboko afashe impera yicyorezo cyivi, nka tibia yimuka kurushaho (Icyitonderwa: Ikizamini cya Lachman ni ikizamini cya Lachtor

Ivi-13

Ikizamini cyimbere inyuma: Umurwayi aryamye kumugongo, yunamye amaboko yombi inyuma yicyuho, atera igikumwe kuruhande rwinyuma, kandi akurura igikumwe kuruhande rwinyuma, yerekana ko ari byiza cyane cyangwa ngo bigabanye rwose.

Ivi-6

- Ikizamini cyo gusya: Kugirango usobanure niba hari ibyangiritse kuri meniscus yamavi.

Indwara yo gusya gusya: uburyo bwo kwipimisha ku mubiri bukoreshwa kugirango tugenzure imvugo imwe n'intangiriro yavuzwe na Mentiscus yo mu ivi.

Umurwayi ahagaze neza hamwe n'ivi ryanduye ryahindutse kuri 90 °.

1. Ikizamini cyo guterura

Ushinzwe ibizamini akanda inyana ku kibero cy'umurwayi kandi afata agatsinsino n'amaboko yombi kugira ngo azamure inyana ku murongo wa kirerure w'inyana, ubwo nkora ingendo y'imbere n'inyuma; Niba ububabare bubaye kumpande zombi z'ivi, birakekwa ko ari ingwate ya ligamel.

2. Ikizamini cya Stary

Ushinzwe ibizamini afite ikirenge cy'igitambo cyakozwe n'amaboko yombi, ku buryo ivi ryanduye ryahindutse kuri 90 ° kandi inyana iri mu mwanya ugororotse hamwe n'ikirenge hejuru. Noneho kanda ivi hepfo hanyuma uzenguruke inyana imbere no hanze icyarimwe. Niba hari ububabare ku ruhande rw'imbere n'inyuma y'igivi, byerekana ko intera imbere n'inyuma yangiritse.

Niba ivi riri muri flexion ikabije, inyuma yinyuma yinyuma ya menisciscUs ikekwa; Niba ari 90 °, gutukwa hagati birakekwa; Niba ububabare bubaho mugihe wegereje umwanya ugororotse, amahembe yimbere yinyuma arakekwa.

Ivi-15

- Ikizamini cyo guhangayika kuruhande: Kugirango witegereze umurwayi kwangiza imvugo ya fatizo.

Ikizamini cyo gupima ivi cyane ni ikizamini cyumubiri cyakoreshwaga kugirango ugenzure ligaments yivi.

Umwanya: Umurwayi abeshya ku buriri bw'ibizamini, kandi igihome cyagaragaye cyashimuswe cyitonze kugirango ukuguru bitanduye bishyizwe hanze yigitanda.

Umwanya uhuriweho: ivi ryashyizwe mumwanya wagutse kandi wa 30 ° impinduka.

Gusaba imbaraga: Muri iyi myanya ibiri yavuzwe haruguru, usuzuma afata ukuguru kw'abarwayi n'amaboko yombi kandi akareba impande zombi, kugira ngo ivi ishimurwe, ni ukuvuga ibizamini bya Valgus na Valgus bikorwa n'impande nziza.

Niba ububabare bubaho mu ivi mugihe cyo gusaba imihangayiko, cyangwa niba ingumbuye hamwe nogukangurira inguni zisanzwe kandi hari ibitekerezo byo kwiyumvisha, byerekana ko hari sprain cyangwa gutontoma. Mugihe ikizamini cyo kuzunguruka hanze ari cyiza, cyerekana ko icyerekezo cyo hagati kidahungabana, kandi hashobora kubaho ibikomere byamajyambere ya ligana, hagati ya meniscus na capsule; Iyo ikizamini cyo kuzunguruka imbere kimeze neza, cyerekana ko icyerekezo cyuruhande rwisumbuye kidahungabana, kandi hashobora kubaho ibikomere kuri meniscus cyangwa ubuso bwa karitsiye.

Ivi-17 Ivi-16

11. AMAFOTO

1. X-ray Ikizamini

Byakoreshejwe Kuri Kuvunika hamwe na Osteoarthpathy. Ibiro-bifatika (bihagaze) Umwanya Ivi hamwe ninyuma yimbere hamwe nuruhande rwimbere birashobora kwitegereza igufwa, icyuho gihurira no.

2. Bikaba bikaba (CT)

CT Scans irashobora gufasha kwigumya amagufwa no kuvunika amarangamutima. Ubwoko bwihariye bwa CT Scan burashobora kumenya neza gout, nubwo guhuriza hamwe bitaka.

3. Ultrasound

Koresha amajwi amajwi kugirango utange amashusho nyayo yimiterere yoroshye ya tissue muri no mu ivi. Ultrasound irashobora kwiyumvisha impinduka za pato nka estoides ya mastoide, synovitis degeneration, synovitis, efnovitis

4. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Iki kizamini gifasha gusuzuma ibikomere byoroshye, nka ligaments, amayeri, karitsiye n'imitsi.

Ibizamini bya laboratoire: Niba kwandura umuganga ukeka ko kwandura, ibizamini byamaraso hamwe na rimwe arthrocentes ziva mu makimbirane make mu isesengura rya laboratoire, birashobora gukenerwa.

12. Impamvu rusange zitera ububabare buhuriweho

1. Gukomeretsa

Ibikomere byo muri Ligamen nk'ibanze kandi byingenzi byingenzi kuri ligament hamwe na peteroli imwe ya peteroli ikaze n'amarira; ibikomere bya meniscus; Teatellar Tenwanitis n'amarira; kuvunika amagufwa nibindi.

2. Arthritis-bijyanye

osteoarthritis iterwa no kwambara no gutanyagura cartilage ihuriweho; Rheumotioid Arthritis iterwa na sisitemu yubudahangarwa itera ingingo; Goute iterwa no gushiraho kristu kuva aside urire ireba ingingo.

3. Izindi mpamvu

Sinovitis itera ububabare no kubyimba; Ibibazo bya patellar nko kwigita no kwambara; ibibyimba byibasiye ingingo; Edema iterwa no gutwika, nibindi .; igihe kirekire igihagararo gikennye; Syndrome ya ILISITAL Faskiya yatewe no gusubiramo gusubiramo biganisha ku kiti hanze yivi.

13. Urwego rusanzwe rukoreshwa

1. Kuvura neza

-Gushiraho no gufata feri

-Ibikoresho bya compresse

-Gukora

-Umuvugizi

-Umurimo

-Gukoresha ibikoresho bifasha

2.surgey

Kubaga

-Arthroplasty

3.Umuvugizi

-Ubuvuzi bwubushinwa (TCM)

-Ibikoresho byo kuvura

Ivi