Idolo Joint

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Izihlunu ezigcina ukuzinza kwamadolo, kuquka i-quadriceps, imisipha ye-suture, i-hamstrings, i-femoral muscles, i-biceps femoris, i-semitendinosus, kunye ne-semimembranosus.

10. Uvavanyo lomzimba

1. Uviwo olubonwayo

Qaphela ukuhamba kunye ne-symmetry yamalungu amadolo kwicala elichaphazelekayo kunye necala elichasene nesigulane, kwaye ubeke ingqalelo ukuba kukho ukuvuvukala kwendawo, umbala wesikhumba ongaqhelekanga, kunye nokuhamba okungaqhelekanga, njl njl. 3.

2. ukubetha izandla

khangela indawo yentlungu kunye nokuvuvukala, ubunzulu, ububanzi kunye nendalo, kunye necala elichaphazelekayo lesigulane kwindawo ekhululekile kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

3. Ukuhlanganisa

Hlola ukuhamba kwedolo elihlangeneyo ngemisebenzi esebenzayo kunye ne-passive yesigulane.

4. Umlinganiselo

Ukulinganisa ubude becandelo ngalinye lomlenze kunye nobude obupheleleyo, umjikelezo wesigxina, uluhlu lwentshukumo yamalungu, amandla emisipha, ukulahlekelwa kwendawo yokuva, njl., kwaye wenze iirekhodi kunye nokumakisha.

5. uviwo olulodwa

 - Uvavanyo lwepatella oludadayo: jonga ukuba kukho ukuxubha kwilungu ledolo lesigulana.

Ukuphonononga inkqubo

Emva kokucinezela i-suprapatellar bursa ukuvumela ulwelo ukuba luqokelele, ukuba kukho ulwelo kwi-joint joint, i-patella icinezelwe ngobumnene ngomnwe wesalathisi, kwaye emva kokuba uxinzelelo lukhululiwe, i-patella iya kudada phezulu phantsi kwamandla akhulayo olwelo, kwaye xa uxinzelelo lukhutshwa, i-patella iya kuba ne-popping okanye i-floating force ngenxa ye-buoyant force.

- Uvavanyo lwedrowa: ukubona ukuba kukho umonakalo kwi-cruciate ligament.

Uvavanyo lwe-drawer yangaphambili: isigulane silala phantsi ebhedini, ukuguqa kwamadolo 90 °, iinyawo zilele ebhedini, zigcine zikhululekile. Umhloli ochasene neenyawo zesigulane ukuze ayenze igxininise, izandla zibambe i-tibial end of the knee joint, ukudonsa ithole ukuya ngaphambili, njenge-tibia anterior displacement kunokuba icala eliphilileyo le-5mm lihle, lihle libonisa ukuba ukulimala kwe-anterior cruciate ligament (Qaphela: uvavanyo lwe-Lachman luvavanyo lwangaphambili lwe-drawer ye-knee flexion 30 °).

Uvavanyo lwe-drawer yangasemva: isigulane silala emhlane, siguqa ngamadolo kwi-90 °, sibeka izandla zombini emva kwedolo elihlangeneyo, sibeka isithupha kwicala le-extensor, sityhala kwaye sikhuphe isiphelo esisondeleyo sethole emva ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye i-tibia ibuyela ngasemva kwi-femur njenge-positive, ebonisa ukuba i-posterior cruise i-partuigate parturate ngokupheleleyo.

- Uvavanyo lokugaya: ukucacisa ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo kwi-meniscus yamadolo.

Uvavanyo lwe-Knee Joint Grinding: Indlela yokuhlola umzimba esetyenziselwa ukujonga i-lateral collateral ligament kunye nokulimala kwe-meniscus yamadolo.

Isigulane sisesimweni esifanelekileyo kunye nedolo elichaphazelekayo liguquguquke kwi-90 °.

1. Uvavanyo lokuphakamisa olujikelezayo

Umhloli ucinezela ithole ethangeni lesigulane kwaye ubambe isithende ngezandla zombini ukuphakamisa ithole kunye ne-longitudinal axis yethole, ngelixa wenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwangaphakathi nangaphandle; ukuba intlungu iyenzeka kumacala omabini emadolweni, kurhanelwa ukuba i-lateral collateral ligament ukulimala.

2. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lweRotary

Umhloli ubamba unyawo lomlenze ochaphazelekayo ngezandla zombini, ukwenzela ukuba idolo elichaphazelekayo liguqulwe kwi-90 ° kwaye ithole likwindawo echanekileyo kunye nonyawo phezulu. Emva koko cinezela idolo ezantsi kwaye ujikelezise ithole ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwangaxeshanye. Ukuba kukho intlungu kwicala langaphakathi nangaphandle ledolo elihlangeneyo, libonisa ukuba i-meniscus yangaphakathi nangaphandle yonakele.

Ukuba idolo ligqithise ngokugqithiseleyo, uphondo lwangasemva lwe-meniscus lukrokreka; ukuba i-90 °, ukugqabhuka okuphakathi kuyakrokrelwa; ukuba intlungu iyenzeka xa isondela kwindawo echanekileyo, ukugqabhuka kophondo lwangaphambili kukrokrelwa.

- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwasemva: ukujonga isigulane ngomonakalo kwi-lateral collateral ligament.

Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamadolo luvavanyo lomzimba olusetyenziselwa ukujonga i-lateral collateral ligaments of the knee.

Isikhundla: Isigulana silala phezu kwebhedi yoviwo, kwaye ilungu elichaphazelekayo lithatyathwa ngobunono ukuze umlenze ophantsi ochaphazelekayo ubekwe ngaphandle kwebhedi.

Isikhundla esihlangeneyo: idolo libekwe kwindawo eyongeziweyo ngokupheleleyo kunye ne-30 ° indawo eguquguqukayo.

Ukunyanzeliswa kwesicelo: Kwezi zikhundla zingasentla zamadolo, umhloli ubamba umlenze ophantsi wesigulane ngezandla zombini kwaye ufaka uxinzelelo kumacala aphakathi kunye namacaleni ngokulandelanayo, ukwenzela ukuba idolo elihlangeneyo libanjwe okanye lixutywe, oko kukuthi, uvavanyo lwe-valgus kunye ne-valgus lwenziwa kwaye lufaniswa necala eliphilileyo.

Ukuba ubuhlungu buvela kwi-joint joint ngexesha lenkqubo yesicelo soxinzelelo, okanye ukuba i-inversion kunye ne-angle ye-eversion ifunyenwe ngaphandle koluhlu oluqhelekileyo kwaye kukho ukuvakala kwe-popping, kubonisa ukuba kukho ukunyanzeliswa okanye ukuphuka kwe-lateral collateral ligament. Xa uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokujikeleza kwangaphandle lulungile, lubonisa ukuba ulwalathiso oluthe ngqo lwangaphakathi aluzinzile, kwaye kunokubakho izilonda ze-ligament collateral ligament, i-meniscus ephakathi kunye ne-capsule edibeneyo; xa uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokujikeleza lwangaphakathi lulungile, lubonisa ukuba i-lateral straight direction ayizinzile, kwaye kunokubakho ukulimala kwi-meniscus yecala okanye i-articular surface cartilage.

11. Ukucinga ngedolo

1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray

isetyenziselwa ukujonga iifractures kunye ne-osteoarthropathy ewohlokayo. Ukuthwala ubunzima (ukuma) indawo yedolo edibeneyo ngaphambili kunye nefilimu yecala lokujonga ifilimu inokuqwalasela ithambo, i-gap joint gap njalo njalo.

2. I-Computed tomography (CT)

I-CT scans inokunceda ukuxilonga iingxaki zethambo kunye nokuqhekeka okufihlakeleyo. Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-CT scan lunokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo i-gout, nokuba i-joint ayivuthi.

3. Ultrasound

Isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuvelisa imifanekiso yexesha langempela yezakhiwo zezicubu ezithambileyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwedolo. I-Ultrasound inokubona utshintsho lwe-pathologic efana ne-bony mastoids kwimida edibeneyo, ukubola kwe-cartilage, i-synovitis, i-joint effusionª, ukudumba kwe-popliteal fossa, kunye ne-meniscal bulging.

4. Umfanekiso wemagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Olu vavanyo lunceda ukuxilonga ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambileyo, ezifana nemigqa, i-tendon, i-cartilage kunye nezihlunu.

Uvavanyo lwebhubhoratri: Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukusuleleka okanye ukuvuvukala, uvavanyo lwegazi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-arthrocentesis °, inkqubo esusa ulwelo oluncinci olusuka edolweni ukuze kuhlalutywe kwi-laboratory, kunokufuneka.

12. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zentlungu edibeneyo

1. Okunxulumene nokwenzakala

ukulimala kwe-ligament njenge-anterior and posterior cruciate ligament kunye ne-lateral collateral ligament strains kunye neenyembezi; ukwenzakala kwe-meniscus; i-patellar tendonitis kunye neenyembezi; ukwaphuka kwamathambo njalo njalo.

2. Enxulumene nesifo samathambo

i-osteoarthritis ebangelwa ukuguga kunye nokukrazula kwe-cartilage edibeneyo; isifo samathambo sibangelwa amajoni omzimba ahlasela amalungu; igawuthi ibangelwa kukwakheka kweekristale ezivela kwi-uric acid ephezulu echaphazela amalungu.

3. Abanye oonobangela

i-synovitis ebangela intlungu kunye nokuvuvukala; iingxaki zepatellar ezifana nokuchithwa kunye nokunxiba kwe-cartilage; amathumba ahlasela umdibaniso; i-edema ebangelwa ukuvuvukala, njl.; ixesha elide lokuma kakubi; iliotibial fascia syndrome ebangelwa ukukhuhlana okuphindaphindiweyo okukhokelela kwiintlungu ngaphandle kwedolo.

13. Iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo

1.Unyango loLondolozo

-Ukuphumla kunye ne-braking

-Uxinzelelo olubandayo kunye nobushushu

-Unyango lweziyobisi

-Ulungiso lwenyama

-Unyango lokuzilolonga

-Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezincedisayo

2.Utyando

-Utyando lweArthroscopic

-I-Arthroplasty

3.Olunye unyango

-Amayeza esintu aseTshayina (TCM)

-Unyango lokutofa